Category: Volume 4.1

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most often missed diagnosis in children in the tropics. This is because of the varied and similar presentation of UTI to other common illnesses. A total of 154 patients with various presumptive clinical diagnosis at admission were screened for the presence of UTI. Only 33 (21.4%) patients had proven UTI. Majority of these patients (20 or 60.6%) were aged < 5 years. The findings of UTI was more amongst patients with presumptive clinical diagnosis of bacteria infections (like sepsis, typhoid septicaemia, bronchopneumonia etc.), and severe malaria. The commonest organisms isolated were Escherichia coli 12(36,4%) and Klebsiella 12(36.4%). There was increased sensitivity of these organisms to both ceftazidime and the quinolones. It is concluded that there should be high index of suspicion of UTI in patients with bacteria infection (Localised or generalized) and severe malaria particularly those with black water fever.

(Af. J. of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology: 2003 4(1): 56-62)

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Screening of febrile children on Hospital admission for urinary tract infections (UTI)

With the aim of studying the pattern of urinary tract infection in patients with indwelling urinary catheter in the University College Hospital, Ibadan, a total of 164 patients were recruited. A questionnaire was administered to each pateint to provide information on demographic data, clinical diagnosis, and symptoms and signs suggestive of urinary tract infection. Catheter specimen urine from each of the patients was cultured to identify the agents of infection. Antimicrobial sensitvies of the isolates were done. It was found that 54. 8% of the patients were above 50 years of age, with a male to female ratio of 2: 1. Benign prostatic hyperplasia was the most common indication for catheterization.83. 5% and 16.5% had Intra-urethral and supra pubilc cathrterization respectively. 69. 5% of these patients had urinary tract infection with 90. 40%. 9.6% and 0.9% harbouring 1.2 and 3 organisms respectively. Intake of antibotics did not influence the incidence of urinary tract infection. The common agents of infection were klebsiella spp; Pseudomonas spp. Escherichia coli, Proteus spp. Staphylococcus aureus and candial albicans in order frequency. The bacterial agents of infection were resistant to ampicillin, cotrimoxazol and nitrofuradantion commonly used for the patient with urological problem. Ceftazidime, ceftrazone, pefloxacin and ofloxacin showed good sensitivity against the bacteria. These finding should be useful for those who manage patient with indwelling urinary catheter.

(Af. J. of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology: 2003 4(1): 63-71)

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Nosocomial infections urinary tract infection in patients with indwelling urinary catheter

Objective: The objective is to evaluate roles of urinary creatinine and serum albumin as biochemical markers for monitoring the nutritional status of pulmonary tuerculosis patients during treatment. Design: This was a longitudinal study. Each patient was studied for six months. Settings: This study was carried out at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital. Subjects: Forty-five newly diagnosed patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were used for the study. Intervention (Method): Forty-five newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients were placed on six months short course regimen. Their weight, Body mass index, serum albumin and 24-hour urinary creatinine were determined before treatment, at the end of the 1st, 2nd, 4th and 6th month of treatment. Using ANOVA, the mean values of the weight, BIM and serum albumin were analysed with further analysis paired student T- test of the pre-treatment values with end of 6th month values. Main outcome measured: Their weight, body mass index, serum Albumin and 24-hour urinary creatinine were determined. Results: Thirty-one patients with mean age of 36.8 years completed the study. The pretreatment mean weight, body mass index, serum albumin were 49.53kg, 17.72kg/m2 and 26.7g/L respectively. The corresponding values at the end of the sixth month of treatment were 57.03kg. 20.4kgm2 and 39.97g/L. These three variables showed significant upward improvements. Conclusion: Both the body mass index and serum Albumin pretreatment values showed that the patients were malnourished at presentation. Serum albumin being more sensitive and more reliable than both weight and body mass index as revealed by this recommended as index for nutritional assessment in patient with tuberculosis.

(Af. J. of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology: 2003 4(1): 72-77)

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The relative role of serum albumin and urinary creatinine as biochemical indices for Nigerians with pulmonary tuberculosis