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Using longitudinal antibiotic point prevalence survey (PPS) to drive antimicrobial stewardship programmes in a Nigerian tertiary hospital

*1Nwajiobi-Princewill, P., 1Medugu, N., 1Gobel, M., 1Aigbe, A., 2Versporten, A.,  2Pauwels, I., 2Goossens, H., and 1Iregbu, K. C.

 1Department of Medical Microbiology, National Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria 2Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

*Correspondence to: princewill101@yahoo.com

 

Abstract:

Background: Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) provides a means of tackling antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Unfortunately, in Nigeria, like in some other low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs), AMS practice has been lacklustre due to poor institutional support amongst other factors. Efforts were made to address this situation by engaging with the management of National Hospital Abuja, Nigeria, using antibiotic prescription information obtained through repeated point prevalence survey.  Continue reading “Using longitudinal antibiotic point prevalence survey (PPS) to drive antimicrobial stewardship programmes in a Nigerian tertiary hospital”

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Implementation of biosafety in infection control: a 10-year review

*Uwandu, M. O., Ige, F. A., Okwuraiwe, A. P., Onwuamah, C. K.,and Audu, R. A.

Centre for Human Virology and Genomics, Nigeria Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: uwandumabel@yahoo.com; +2348033467717

Abstract: 

Biosafety is an important issue globally, as a line of defence that protects health personnel, public and the environment from exposure to hazardous agents. Most developing nations have weak health systems and consequently weak biosafety. Engaging in an external quality program such as an accreditation process will help build capacity and competence in all areas. The Centre for Human Virology and Genomics (CHVG) laboratory of the Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria started its biosafety program in compliance to international standards stipulated by ISO 15189:2012, in its journey towards laboratory accreditation. Accreditation is widely used to attest for laboratory competence. In the quest for laboratory accreditation, several processes were implemented to ensure compliance, one of which was biosafety. Simple remedial actions and policies that have worked in other climes were applied over a 10-year period in the CHVG laboratory. A significant drop in nonconforming incidences and laboratory accidents was seen while biosafety audits showed improvement in safety practices.

Keywords: Biosafety, Infection control, audit Continue reading “Implementation of biosafety in infection control: a 10-year review”

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Effects of rinsing on Staphylococcus aureus load in frozen meats and fish obtained from open markets in Benin City, Nigeria

Ogofure, A. G., and *Igbinosa, E. O.

Applied Microbial Processes & Environmental Health Research Group (AMPEHREG), Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Private Mail Bag 1154, Benin City 300283, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: etinosa.igbinosa@uniben.edu

Abstract:

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous bacterium present in the environment and one of the leading causes of superficial and deep infections. In the food industry, it is acclaimed to be globally responsible for several food-borne diseases. This study was designed to isolate methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and determine the effect of rinsing on MRSA load in frozen meat and fish obtained from open market in Benin City. Continue reading “Effects of rinsing on Staphylococcus aureus load in frozen meats and fish obtained from open markets in Benin City, Nigeria”

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Improved Cryptosporidium case findings using immunofluorescent microscopy on concentrated stool

Cox, D., and *Robberts, F. J. L.

Division of Medical Microbiology, University of Cape Town, 1 Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, South Africa *Correspondence to: lrobberts@gmail.com; +27 645256360; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4397-4852

Abstract:
Background: Diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity in Cape Town, South Africa, and mortality is attributed to a failure to recognize the severity of the condition. Cryptosporidium and Giardia are increasingly recognized as important causes of diarrhoea in Africa however, suboptimal diagnostic techniques may lead to underappreciation of their significance. Our objectives are to compare the diagnostic yield of direct immunofluorescent antigen (DFA) microscopy on concentrated stool samples for Cryptosporidium and Giardia, with the current approach of wet mount microscopy for Giardia and auramine fluorescent stain for Cryptosporidium on unconcentrated stool. Continue reading “Improved Cryptosporidium case findings using immunofluorescent microscopy on concentrated stool”

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Non-tuberculous mycobacteria isolated from patients with suspected tuberculosis in Abidjan, Ivory Coast

*1,2Ouassa, T., 1N’Guessan-Kacou, M. S., and 2Kouakou, K. A.

1Centre for Diagnosis and Research on AIDS and other Infectious Diseases (CeDReS), University Hospital of Treichville, Abidjan

2Department of Bacteriology-Virology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan

*Correspondence to: timothee.ouassa@cedres.org; timouassa@yahoo.fr; 0022521258459; 0022502500078

Abstract:

Background: Apart from tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBc) species, there are many other mycobacterial infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). These are rarely identified in many low resource settings in Africa because of the lack of accurate identification methods. The aim of the study is to identify NTM species involved in respiratory infections in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Continue reading “Non-tuberculous mycobacteria isolated from patients with suspected tuberculosis in Abidjan, Ivory Coast”

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Doctors do not use the medical microbiology laboratory when infectious diseases are suspected

1Lawson, S., and *2Omunakwe, H. E.

Departments of 1Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, and *2Haematology and Blood Transfusion, River State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: hannahomunakwe@gmail.com

Received Nov 16, 2020; Revised Dec 25, 2020; Accepted Dec 26, 2020

Copyright 2021 AJCEM Open Access. This article is licensed and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attrition 4.0 International License <a rel=”license” href=”http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/”, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided credit is given to the original author(s) and the source.

Editor-in-Chief: Prof. S. S. Taiwo

Les médecins n’utilisent pas le laboratoire de microbiologie médicale en cas de suspicion de maladies infectieuses

1Lawson, S., et*2Omunakwe, H. E.
Départements de 1Microbiologie Médicale et Parasitologie, et *2Hématologie et Transfusion Sanguine, Hôpital Universitaire de River State, Port Harcourt, Nigéria

*Correspondance à: hannahomunakwe@gmail.com

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Doctors do not use the medical microbiology laboratory when infectious diseases are suspected