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Biochemical evaluation of liver function enzymes in Lassa fever patients

[1]Anjorin, A. A., *1Salami, W. O., 2Omojola, T. E., 1Ajoseh, S. O., 3Gbenga-Ayeni, B. O., 3Etafo, J., 1Lawal-Sanni, A. O., and 2,3Hassan, A. O.

1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, P. O. Box 0001, LASU Post Office, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria

2Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Achievers University, Owo, Nigeria

3Infection Control and Research Laboratory, Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: wasiu.salami@lasu.edu.ng; +2348032582702

 

Abstract:

 Background: Lassa fever (LF) is a zoonotic acute viral hemorrhagic disease caused by the Lassa virus (LV). It has a high case fatality rate of about 5,000 deaths in humans from 300,000-500,000 cases each year globally. The high mortality rate from Lassa fever has been associated with abnormal liver enzyme production due to LV infiltration of the liver. However, data are sparse on the different enzymes and their proportions associated with LF. This study aims to evaluate the effect of LF on the levels of selected liver enzymes. Continue reading “Biochemical evaluation of liver function enzymes in Lassa fever patients”

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Histological and biochemical markers of the liver of male Wistar rats on oral administration of nevirapine suspension

EK Oladipo, AY Afolabi, IO Omomowo, JK Oloke, EH Awoyelu

 

Abstract

Background: Mechanism of action of nevirapine in the prophylaxis treatment and treatment of HIV-1 may involve elevations in levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and other biomarkers of liver function. This study presents the hepatotoxic effect of nevirapine suspension using animal model.

Methods: A total number of 15 male Wister rats were fed normal chow and antiretroviral drug (Nevirapine) for a period of six weeks. The liver organ of the rats were obtained and subjected to histological procedures and biochemical analysis using enzyme assay obtained from Randox Laboratories Limited, Antrim United Kingdom (BT294QY).

Results: The wistar rats showed no significant mean body weight difference when compared with the control group. However there was significant difference in the mean values of AST (77.77±3.03) and ALT (89.37±3.19) of the treated rats. Nevirapine treated rats showed significant difference in AST, ALT, and ALP in the single (77.77± 3.03, 31.80±1.73, 43.81 ±1.54) and double (89.37±3.19, 33.38±2.01, 34.64 ±1.02) doses when compared with the controls (75.14 ±2.00, 29.16±0.17, 45.44 ±1.85) respectively. Mild vascular congestion, infiltration of sinusoids by inflammatory cells, and haemorrhage were induced by nevirapine as compared with the control group showing normal vessels without congestion, normal sinusoids appearing normal without infiltration.

Conclusion: The liver histology of the rats fed with Nevirapine suspension showed diffused hepatocellular necrosis. Routine check of the drug effect is important as it provides effective life management of HIV infected individuals.

Keywords: Nevirapine, Wister rat, Hepatotoxicity, Liver, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)

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Histological and biochemical markers of the liver of male Wistar rats on oral administration of nevirapine suspension

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Renal and hepatic profiles in Nigerian multidrug resistant tuberculosis patients with or without HIV co-infection

O Ige, SA Yaqub, VF Edem, OG Arinola

 

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is primarily a lung disease (pulmonary tuberculosis, PTB) but the bacilli can also  develop in other places in the body, such as the bones, liver and kidney as extra pulmonary tuberculosis. Hepatic and renal involvements in PTB patients are mostly secondary to TB chemotherapy that is  potentially hepato- and nephro- toxic. In this study, the biochemical parameters that indicate renal and hepatic involvements were analyzed in the sera of MDR-TB patients with and without HIV co-infection prior to commencement of chemotherapy. Out of 115 MDR-TB patients (76 males and 39 females) recruited for the study, 22 patients (11 males and 11 females) were co-infected with HIV. Serum levels of sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl-) were analyzed using Easylite (ISE technology),   bicarbonate (HCO3-) was analysed using back titration method, urea and creatinine were determined spectrophotometrically using Diacetlymonoxime (DAM) method and Jaffe’s alkaline picrate method  respectively. Total and direct bilirubin, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transferase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transferase (SGPT), alkaine phosphatase(ALP), total protein (TP) and albumin (Alb) were determined using Hitachi 912 autoanalyzer. There were no statistical significant differences in the renal and hepatic parameters of TB patients with HIV compared with TB patients without HIV. However, significantly higher proportions (89%) of MDR-TB patients had their SGOT within reference range. The mean values indicate that HIV infection did not significantly alter renal and hepatic profiles in
MDR-TB patients prior to treatment.

 

LES PROFILS RENALS ET HEPATIQUES DANS MULTIRESISTANTE PATIENTS TUBERCULEUX
NIGERIANS AVEC OU SANS CO – INFECTION PAR LE VIH.

La tuberculose est principalement une maladie du poumon (Tuberculeuse pulmonaire TBP) mais les bacilles peuvent être également se développer dans d’autres endroits dans le corps, tels que les os, le foie et les reins comme la tuberculose extra pulmonaire. L’atteinte hépatique et rénale chez les patients atteints de TBP est surtout secondaire a la chimiothérapie de la tuberculose(TB) qui est potentiellement hépato – et néphro – toxique. Dans cette étude, les paramètres biochimiques qui indiquent les  implications rénales et hépatiques ont été analyses dans les sérums des patients atteints de MDR – TB avec ou sans Co – infection par le VIH avant le commencement de la chimiothérapie. Sur les 115 patients atteints de MDR – TB (76 males et femelles), recrutés pour l’étude, 22 patients (11 males et femelles) ont été co – infectes par le VIH. Le niveau sérique de sodium (Na⁺), de potassium (K⁺), le chlorure(C1⁻) ont été analyses en utilisant Easylite(technologie ISE), le bicarbonate (HC0₃⁻) a été analyse en utilisant la méthode de titrage de retour, l’urée et de la créatinine ont été déterminés spectrophotométrie rn utilisant la méthode Diacétyle monoxime(DAM) et la méthode de picrate alcaline de Jaffer respectivement. Bilirubine totale et directe, glutamate oxaloacetate transférase sérique(SGOT), transférase sérique de glutamate pyruvate(SGPT), phosphatase alcaline(ALP), protéines totale(TP) et albumine(Alb) ont été déterminés en utilisant Hitachi 912 autoa nalyseur. Il n’ ya pas de différence statistiquement significative dans les paramètres rénales et hépatiques des patients tuberculeux vivant avec ke VIH par rapport aux patients atteints de tuberculose sans VIH. Néanmoins, les proportions significativement élevées (89%) des patients atteints de MDR – TB ont eu leurs SGOT a porté de référence. Les valeurs moyennes indiquent que l’infection par le VIH n’a pas modifié significativement les profils rénaux et hépatiques chez les patients de TB – MRD.

Mots – clés : Les reins, le foie, l’électrolyte, la tuberculose, Virus de l’immunodéficience humaine, Co – infection.

Key words: Kidney, Liver, Electrolytes, Tuberculosis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Co-infection.

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Renal and hepatic profiles in Nigerian multidrug resistant tuberculosis patients with or without HIV co-infection