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A profile of wound infections in National Hospital Abuja

KC Iregbu, NS Uwaezuoke, IP Nwajiobi-Princewill, SO Eze, N Medugu, S Shettima, Z Modibbo

 

Abstract

Background: Wound Infections cause prolonged hospital stay, increased costs and also can result in increased patient morbidity and mortality.
The current spread of multi -drug resistant bacteria has further heightened the need for regular bacteriological review of infected wounds and regular antibiotics surveillance studies so as to avoid the unguided empirical treatment of wound infections which is quite common in this environment
Aim: To determine the distribution of the isolates from wound specimens submitted to the medical microbiology laboratory of National Hospital Abuja for processing.
Method: A review and analysis of 380 woundspecimens results from various wards in the hospital over a period of 10 months (1st Marto Dec 31st 2010) was conducted.
Result: A total of 314 isolates were recovered from the 380 wound specimens giving a yield of 83%. 240(76%) yielded single isolates of various pathogens, while 74(24%) were poly-microbial. Gram negative bacilli constituted 66% of all the pathogens with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19%) and Proteus species (18%) as the most frequent, while gram positive isolates made up 33% with S aureus (27%) as most predominant and most frequently isolated bacteria from all the wound specimens. Two candida species comprised about 1% of the isolates. Frequency of infection was highest in surgical wards (27%), gynaecology ward (14%) and accident and emergency unit (12%). The fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and Beta-lactam antibiotics were the most effective drugs for most of the isolates. Staphylococcus aureus was most sensitive to amikacin (83%) and erythromycin (79%); Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem (96%) and amikacin (83%) and Proteus species to amikacin (100%) and imipenem (78%).
Conclusion: S aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus species were the predominant bacteria from wounds, with surgery and gynaecology wards having the highest prevalence. Resistance to commonly used antibiotics is high. There is need to institute antibiotic stewardship and effective and efficient infection control measures in the hospital

Keywords: Wound infections, National Hospital , Abuja

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A profile of wound infections in National Hospital Abuja

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Urine culture contamination: a one-year retrospective study at the national hospital, Abuja

KC Iregbu, N Medugu, N Abdullahi, AI Aigbe, IF Modibbo, PI Nwajiobi-Princewill, SA Shettima

 

Abstract

Background: Urine culture contamination is a significant cause of delay in treatment of patients being investigated for urinary tract
infection. Though contamination is not completely avoidable, several measures have been proven to decrease contamination rates.
There are few studies detailing urine contamination rates in laboratories in Nigeria.
Aim: To determine the frequency and factors associated with urine culture contamination in samples submitted to the Medical
Microbiology Laboratory in National Hospital Abuja (NHA).
Method: Retrospective study of urine culture contamination in which data from Medical Microbiology Laboratory from January 1 to
December 31 2012 at National Hospital Abuja were reviewed. Patients’ age, gender, location and urine culture result were assessed.
Contamination rates for different genders, age groups and departments were assessed and results presented in simple averages and
percentages.
Results: Overall contamination rate was 13.1%. Females had a contamination rate of 16.9%, which was significantly higher than the
contamination rate of 6.8% in males. The Gynaecology and Antenatal clinics had the highest contamination rates amongst departments
with 22.5% and 21.3% respectively. Lowest contamination rates were in Emergency Paediatric Unit (EPU) and intensive Care Unit (ICU)
with rates of 5.9%and 9.5% respectively. The female gender was found to be the most significant predictor of higher contamination rate.
Conclusion: Contamination rate of urine cultures in this study is unacceptably high. Appropriate interventions need to be instituted to
reduce the current urine culture contamination rate in National Hospital Abuja.

Key Words: Urine, Contamination, National Hospital, Abuja.

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Urine culture contamination a one-year retrospective study at the national hospital, abuja