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Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from apparently healthy school pupils and students in Enugu and Ebonyi States, Nigeria

*1Ukpai, E. G., and 2Onah, E. S.

 1Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, David Umahi Federal University of Health Sciences, Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

1International Institute of Infectious Diseases, Biosafety and Biosecurity Research, David Umahi Federal University of Health Sciences, Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

2Department of Ophthalmology, David Umahi Federal University of Health Sciences, Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

2Institute for Eye Health and Visual Science Research (IEHVSR), David Umahi Federal University of Health Sciences, Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria *Correspondence to: ukpaieg@dufuhs.edu.ng

 

Abstract:  

 Background: Infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains a big health challenge around the world because it is associated with increase morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of MRSA isolated from apparently healthy school pupils and students in Enugu and Ebonyi States, Nigeria. Continue reading “Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from apparently healthy school pupils and students in Enugu and Ebonyi States, Nigeria”

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Prevalence of extended spectrum β-lactamase genes among multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from clinical specimens in Calabar, Nigeria

*1Ukam, I. I., 1Iyam, S. O., 1Ugbadu, J. I., 2Unoh, F. B., 1Ukeye, A. A., 1Okoro B. C., 1Akpeke, V. U., and 3Umoh, N. O.

1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, PMB 1115 Calabar, Nigeria

2Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, PMB 1115 Calabar, Nigeria

3Department of Bacteriology, Virology and Mycology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: ukamjohn8@gmail.com & igborukam@unical.edu.ng; Mobile: +2349074254995/ +2348032327041; ORCiD ID: 0009-0005-7645-5508

Abstract:

Background: The global spread of the extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESβL) and carbapenemases producing strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae constitutes a public health threat to both humans and animals. This study investigated the prevalence of ESβLs genes among multidrug resistant (MDR) K. pneumoniae isolates from clinical specimens of patients attending selected hospitals in Calabar, Nigeria. Continue reading “Prevalence of extended spectrum β-lactamase genes among multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from clinical specimens in Calabar, Nigeria”

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Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of acute bacterial meningitis isolates among children with fever and convulsion in Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Nigeria

[1]Oyeleye, A. E., 1Afeez, B. O., 1Ayanbeku, T. S., and *2Ubesie, A. C.

 1Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria   2Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu State, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: agozie.ubesie@unn.edu.ng

Abstract:

Background: Acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) is a life-threatening illness associated with high morbidity and mortality as well as debilitating consequences among survivors. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of bacterial isolates and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of ABM among children presenting with fever and convulsion at the Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Nigeria.         Continue reading “Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of acute bacterial meningitis isolates among children with fever and convulsion in Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Nigeria”

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Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis among school-aged children in Ipogun community, Ondo State, Nigeria

*[1]Ajayi, O. O., 1Sulaimon, S. Y., [2]Olorunniyi O. F., and 3Omoleye, O. S.

1Department of Biological Sciences, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Osun State, Nigeria

2Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Ekiti State University, Ado- Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria 3Department of Veterinary Services, Laboratory Unit, Ministry of Agriculture, Ondo State, Nigeria *Correspondence to: ooajayi@jabu.edu.ng

Abstract:

Background: Urinary schistosomiasis remains a public health challenge among school-aged children in Nigeria. The disease is caused by the blood fluke parasite, Schistosoma haematobium and harbored by freshwater snail intermediate hosts. Contact with infected surface water bodies made children vulnerable. This study investigated the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis among school-aged children in Ipogun community, Ondo State, Nigeria.  Continue reading “Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis among school-aged children in Ipogun community, Ondo State, Nigeria”

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Prevalence, molecular characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility of clinical isolates of Clostridioides difficile in southeastern Nigeria

*1,2Oghonyon, 1,3Ugwu, M. C., 1,3Esimone, C. O., and 2Onah, A. I.

 [1]Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

[2]Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, David Umahi Federal University of Health Sciences, Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

[3]TETFUND Centre of Excellence for Biomedical, Engineering and Agricultural Translational studies, Nnamdi

Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: oghonyonei@dufuhs.edu.ng, eddisonioghonyon@gmail.com; +2348038469094

 

Abstract:

 Background: Clostridioides difficile is a major contributor to healthcare-associated infections, exhibiting global variations in its prevalence and resistance. There is an absence of data on its molecular characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility of C. difficile in southeastern Nigeria. This study aims to evaluate its prevalence, molecular features, and resistance patterns to enhance treatment and control strategies.  Continue reading “Prevalence, molecular characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility of clinical isolates of Clostridioides difficile in southeastern Nigeria”

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Candida bloodstream infection among immunocompromised paediatric patients admitted to the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria

*1Anozie, C. E., 2Okesola, A., 3Makanjuola, O., 4Ayanbekun, T., 5Mohammed, A. R., and 6Fasuyi, T.

1Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, Nigeria

2Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria

3Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria

4Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria

5Department of Medical Microbiology, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria 6Department of Medical Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: anoziechikezie@gmail.com; 08035607642

Abstract:
Background: Invasive candidiasis is a major hospital acquired fungal infection in Nigeria. Despite advances in support of critically ill patients, candidaemia is still associated with high morbidity and mortality. Data on Candida bloodstream infection among paediatric patients is limited in Nigeria and this informed this study, which was undertaken to investigate the prevalence, species distribution, antifungal susceptibility pattern for blood stream infections due to Candida species in University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Continue reading “Candida bloodstream infection among immunocompromised paediatric patients admitted to the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria”

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Serological and molecular detection of hepatitis C virus among students in a tertiary educational institution in Calabar, Nigeria

*1Mbah, M., 1Nwabunike, V. O., 1Akpan, S. S., 2Tangban, E. E., and 1Bassey, E. E.

1Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria

2Department of Social Works, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
*Correspondence to: mauricembah@yahoo.fr; +2347039121644; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-1985-2925X

Abstract:
Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health problem and continues to be a major disease burden in the world, associated with serious health challenges including liver cirrhosis, cancer, lymphomas and death. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of HCV infection among students of the University of Calabar. Continue reading “Serological and molecular detection of hepatitis C virus among students in a tertiary educational institution in Calabar, Nigeria”

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HIV status of individuals who underwent pre-employment medical screening at a federal tertiary health institution in southeast Nigeria

1Ehidiamhen, F. E., 2Agwu, U. M., *3Eze, G. O., 1Ogbata, S. E., 4Chukwu, C. G., 1Akujobi, C. N., and 5Nnoli, M. A,

1Department of Pathology, David Umahi Federal University Teaching Hospital, PMB 337, Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, David Umahi Federal University Teaching Hospital, PMB 337, Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

3Department of Clinical Sciences and Training, David Umahi Federal University Teaching Hospital, PMB 337, Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

4Department of Planning, Research and Statistics, David Umahi Federal University Teaching Hospital, PMB 337, Uburu, Ebonyi State Nigeria 5Department of Pathology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: godsoneze46@gmail.com; +2348066656631; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1776-1036

Abstract:
Background: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) targets the host immune system, particularly the CD4 T cells. The host resistance to opportunistic and non-opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis, fungal infections, severe bacterial infections, and several malignancies is weakened as a result of destruction of these CD4 cells by HIV. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV among individuals who participated in pre-employment medical screening at David Umahi Federal University Teaching Hospital Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria, with the aim of connecting those who are HIV-positive to voluntary counseling and treatment programs. Continue reading “HIV status of individuals who underwent pre-employment medical screening at a federal tertiary health institution in southeast Nigeria”

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Prevalence of symptomatic significant bacteriuria and associated risk factors among patients attending major hospitals in Calabar, Nigeria

*[1]Bassey, E. E., 1Mbah, M., 1Akpan, S. S., [2]Ikpi, E. E., and 1Alaribe, A. A. A.

1Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria

2Department of Urology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: emmanueleffiong2046@gmail.com; ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2029-5611

 

Abstract:

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most encountered bacterial infections of humans and affect both male and female of all age groups, resulting in high mortality, without proper management. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, aetiological agents, and factors associated with symptomatic significant bacteriuria/UTI among patients attending selected hospitals in Calabar metropolis, Nigeria.

Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study of 240 patients with suspected UTI, from whom mid-stream voided urine samples were collected for culture on Cystine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient (CLED) agar. Uropathogens growth on the culture media were characterized using conventional microbiological and biochemical tests, and confirmed with API® 20E and 20NE (BioMérieux) identification system. Data on socio-demographic, clinical symptoms and potential risk factors were obtained using structured questionnaire. Pearson Chi-square was employed to determine association between categorical variables with p<0.05 considered statistically significant. Continue reading “Prevalence of symptomatic significant bacteriuria and associated risk factors among patients attending major hospitals in Calabar, Nigeria”

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Prevalence of asymptomatic significant bacteriuria and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates in HIV-infected patients in Ilorin, Nigeria

*1Bale, M. I., 1Sinumvayo, J. P., 2Badmus, R. A., 3Babatunde, S. K., 4Aroyehun, A. B., and 1Adeyemo, R. O.

  1Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences,  University of Rwanda, Republic of Rwanda

2Department of Microbiology Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kwara State University,  Malete, Kwara State, Nigeria

3Department of Biological Sciences, Kola Daisi University, Ibadan, Nigeria

4Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, King’s College, Aberdeen, AB24 3FX, Scotland

*Correspondence to: muribaale@gmail.com; i.muritala@ur.ac.rw

Abstract:

 Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common type of infections worldwide, and this is usually preceded by asymptomatic significant bacteriuria (ASB). The emergence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria responsible for UTI makes this entity of public challenge, which has been fueled by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This study determined the prevalence of ASB and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from urine samples of selected HIV-infected patients in Ilorin, Nigeria. Continue reading “Prevalence of asymptomatic significant bacteriuria and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates in HIV-infected patients in Ilorin, Nigeria”