Rapid – afrjcem.org

Ezeonu, C. M., Garba, S. A., Adabara, N. U., and Kuta, F. A.

Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
Correspondence to: scholajane@yahoo.com

Abstract

Background: Transfusion of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected blood represents a major but avoidable means of HBV transmission, which unfortunately still account for millions of global HBV infections annually. Method: This study determined the prevalence of HBV infection among 550 blood donors aged 18 to 60 years from selected hospitals and blood transfusion centres within the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria, using hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) rapid diagnostic test (RDT) kit and Enzyme linked Immuno-sorbent Assay (ELISA). Representative positive and negative samples for RDT and ELISA were tested by both conventional and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay Results: Forty nine (8.9%) and 14 (2.8%) out of the 550 blood donors tested positive for HBsAg with the RDT and ELISA respectively. Replacement donors had higher prevalence rate of the HBV infection than voluntary donors. The highest prevalence of HBV infection was recorded among the 30–39 year age group. The difference in the rate of infection between the males and the females was not statistically significant (p>0.05). A perfect agreement between RDT and PCR and fair agreement between ELISA and PCR were observed. Conclusion: This study report a high prevalence of hepatitis B virus infections among blood donors in Abuja, Nigeria which underscores the need for proper screening of blood for transfusion to completely eliminate the incidence of transfusion transmitted HBV infections.

Key words: Blood, Malaria, Hepatitis, Rapid, Immuno-sorbent, Polymerase

Received March 18, 2018; Revised March 18, 2019; Accepted March 20, 2019

This article is licensed and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attrition 4.0 International License (//creativecommmons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided credit is given to the original author(s) and the source.

Prévalence de l’infection par le virus de l’hépatite B chez les donneurs de sang dans le Territoire de la capitale fédérale, Abuja, Nigéria

Ezeonu, C. M., Garba, S. A., Adabara, N. U., and Kuta, F. A.

Département de microbiologie, École des sciences de la vie, Université fédérale de technologie de Minna, Nigéria

Correspondance à: scholajane@yahoo.com

Abstrait Contexte

La transfusion de sang infecté par le virus de l’hépatite B (VHB) représente un moyen important mais évitable de transmission du VHB, qui représente malheureusement toujours des millions d’infections mondiales au VHB chaque année. Méthode: Cette étude a déterminé la prévalence de l’infection à VHB chez 550 donneurs de sang âgés de 18 à 60 ans de certains hôpitaux et centres de transfusion sanguine situés dans le Territoire de la capitale fédérale, au Nigéria, à l’aide du kit de test de diagnostic rapide (TDR) de l’antigène de l’hépatite B (HBsAg) et Essai immuno-sorbant lié à une enzyme (ELISA). Des échantillons positifs et négatifs représentatifs pour les TDR et ELISA ont été testés à la fois par le test de réaction en chaîne par polymérase (PCR) classique et en temps réel Résultats: Quarante-neuf (8,9%) et 14 (2,8%) des 550 donneurs de sang ont été testés positifs pour HBsAg avec le TDR et le test ELISA, respectivement. Le taux de prévalence de l’infection à VHB était plus élevé chez les donneurs de remplacement que chez les donneurs volontaires. La prévalence la plus élevée d’infection par le VHB a été enregistrée dans le groupe d’âge des 30 à 39 ans. La différence de taux d’infection entre les hommes et les femmes n’était pas statistiquement significative (p> 0,05). Un accord parfait entre TDR et PCR et un accord juste entre ELISA et PCR ont Conclusion: Cette étude fait état d’une prévalence élevée d’infections par le virus de l’hépatite B chez les donneurs de sang à Abuja, au Nigéria, ce qui souligne la nécessité d’un dépistage approprié du sang par transfusion afin d’éliminer

Mots-clés: sang, paludisme, hépatite, rapide, immuno-sorbant, polymérase

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Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infections among blood donors in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria

TS Awolola, OU Manafa, ET Idowu, JA Adedoyin, AK Adeneye

Abstract

Lymphatic filariasis caused by Wuchereria bancrofti is major public health problem in tropical and subtropical countries including Nigeria. The real burden of the disease in most endemic regions remains unknown. The nocturnal periodicity of the parasites requires parasitological examination to be done at night and this is quite cumbersome. The World Health Organization recently recommended two rapid methods for the assessment of lymphatic filariasis (RAGFIL). These RAGFILS methods i.e. using community health workers and key informants were used to rapidly map lymphatic filariasis in Akinyele Local Government area of Oyo State Nigeria. The prevalence of hydrocele and elephantiasis was highly sensitive in identifying this community as endemic for filariasis. The degree of association between finding by health workers and information obtained form the community key informants was high for the two major clinical manifestation of the disease used. Community key informants and health workers did provide useful information on the prevalence of clinical filariasis. These observations suggest that the mean number of cases obtained in the village through key informants and the examination of health workers for the clinical signs of the disease may be considered at an initial level to identify endemic areas. The need to extend this method to rapidly map lymphatic filariasis in Nigeria is discussed.

Key words: Lymphatic, Filariasis, Rapid, Mapping, Assessment and Health workers.

Afr. J. Clin. Exper. Microbiol. 2004; 5 (3): 231-234

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Epidemiological Mapping Of Lymphatic Filariasis In Southern Nigeria Preliminary Survey Of Akinyele Local Government Area