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Prevalence of extended spectrum β-lactamase genes among multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from clinical specimens in Calabar, Nigeria

*1Ukam, I. I., 1Iyam, S. O., 1Ugbadu, J. I., 2Unoh, F. B., 1Ukeye, A. A., 1Okoro B. C., 1Akpeke, V. U., and 3Umoh, N. O.

1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, PMB 1115 Calabar, Nigeria

2Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, PMB 1115 Calabar, Nigeria

3Department of Bacteriology, Virology and Mycology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: ukamjohn8@gmail.com & igborukam@unical.edu.ng; Mobile: +2349074254995/ +2348032327041; ORCiD ID: 0009-0005-7645-5508

Abstract:

Background: The global spread of the extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESβL) and carbapenemases producing strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae constitutes a public health threat to both humans and animals. This study investigated the prevalence of ESβLs genes among multidrug resistant (MDR) K. pneumoniae isolates from clinical specimens of patients attending selected hospitals in Calabar, Nigeria. Continue reading “Prevalence of extended spectrum β-lactamase genes among multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from clinical specimens in Calabar, Nigeria”

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Environmental contamination rates by extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Acinetobacter baumannii in selected hospitals in southwest Nigeria

Department of Microbiology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria

Correspondence to: ayorinde.akinbobola@aaua.edu.ng

 

Abstract:

 Background: Acinetobacter baumannii poses significant threat in healthcare facilities due to its innate ability to persist on harsh environmental surfaces for extended periods and its common resistance to multiple antibiotics, through mechanisms such as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production. Healthcare-associated (HAI) A. baumannii infections are a growing concern in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs), with environmental surfaces serving as important reservoirs for transmission. However, there is limited information on A. baumannii contamination rates of environmental surfaces in healthcare facilities. This study determined the contamination rates and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of A. baumannii from high-touch surfaces in selected hospitals in Akoko area of Ondo State, southwest Nigeria. Continue reading “Environmental contamination rates by extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Acinetobacter baumannii in selected hospitals in southwest Nigeria”

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Prevalence and molecular detection of ESBL genes in uropathogens isolated from children and adolescents in a General Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria

*[1]Ekpunobi, N. F., 1Ugwu, M. C., 2Agu, K. C., 1Chukwunwejim, C. R., 3Nedum, C. H., 1Okoye, L. C., and 1Mgbedo, U. C.

1Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

2Department of Applied Microbiology and Brewing, Faculty of Biosciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

3Department of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: nzubefavour34@gmail.com

Abstract:

 Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant global health concern with rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) posing a serious challenge to effective treatment. The increasing prevalence of extendedspectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing uropathogens further complicates management, as these bacteria are resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and other β-lactam antibiotics. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence and characterize ESBL genes in uropathogens isolated from children with UTIs in Ajeromi General Hospital, Ajegunle, Lagos, Nigeria.  Continue reading “Prevalence and molecular detection of ESBL genes in uropathogens isolated from children and adolescents in a General Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria”

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Phenotypic and genotypic detection of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial pathogens from patients with infectious keratitis in selected hospitals in Ilorin, Nigeria

*1Oladejo, O. J., 2Oladejo, J. M., 3Aina, A., 4Oladejo, P., 4Odetoyin, B., 2Oluwaloniola, V., and 2Tangkat, T.

1Department of Ophthalmology, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria

2Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria

3Deparrment of Ophthalmology, Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria

4Department of Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria *Correspondence to: olawalejob4@gmail.com

Abstract:
Background: Infectious keratitis is a major cause of global blindness. Standard management approaches typically involve the collection of corneal cultures and initiation of broad-spectrum antimicrobials. However, conventional microbiological techniques, based on direct visualization or cultures of microorganisms, are limited by poor sensitivity and the prolonged time required to produce actionable results. Molecular methods based on nucleic acid amplification technique aim to circumvent the challenges of culture for hours or days. The objectives of this study are to detect the bacteria agents of infectious keratitis in Ilorin, Nigeria, using phenotypic and molecular methods, and to determine their resistance profiles to selected antimicrobials. Continue reading “Phenotypic and genotypic detection of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial pathogens from patients with infectious keratitis in selected hospitals in Ilorin, Nigeria”

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Phenotypic and molecular identification of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli and Salmonella species isolated from apparently healthy broilers and zoo birds in Cameroon

*1Nelly, Z. Z., 2Oladele, O. A., 3,4Djim-Adjim-Ngana, K., 4Mouliom, M. M. M., 4,5Dah, I., and 6Josiane, N. M. C.

1Avian Medicine Program, Pan African University Life and Earth Sciences Institute (Including Health and Agriculture), Ibadan, Nigeria

2Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

3Centre for Research on Health and Priority Pathologies, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies, P. O. Box 13033, Yaounde, Cameroon

4Department of Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, P. O. Box 454 Ngaoundere, Cameroon

5National Veterinary Laboratory (LANAVET), P. O. Box 503 Garoua, Cameroon

6School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, The University of Ngaoundere, P. O. Box 454 Ngaoundere, Cameroon

*Correspondence to: zimbinelly93@gmail.com

Abstract:
Background: Knowledge of antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacteria in food and pet birds in our environment is a prerequisite to effective control of bacterial diseases in humans and other food animals. Particularly, there is a dearth of information on the prevalence of resistant bacteria in pet and zoo birds in Cameroon. This study was carried out to determine the antibiotic resistance profiles of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp isolates in apparently healthy poultry and zoo birds in Cameroon and to phenotypically and genotypically identify extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) isolates in the poultry and aviary birds. Continue reading “Phenotypic and molecular identification of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli and Salmonella species isolated from apparently healthy broilers and zoo birds in Cameroon”

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Antibiotic resistance profiles of uropathogenic bacterial isolates in Haut-Sassandra Region, Côte d’Ivoire from January 2019 to December 2022

 

[1]Gbégbé, D. A., 1,2N’zi, N. P., 3Monthaut, S., 2Guessennd-Kouadio, N., and *1Angaman, D. M.

1Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology, Jean Lorougnon Guédé University, Daloa, P.O. Box 150 Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire

2Department of Bacteriology-Virology, National Reference Center for Antibiotics, Pasteur Institute Côte d’Ivoire, P. O. Box 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire

3Bacteriology-Virology Laboratory, Regional Hospital Center of Daloa, P. O. Box 207 Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire *Correspondence to: angaman@ujlg.edu.ci

 

Abstract:

Background: The escalating issue of bacterial resistance is a profound universal peril. This looming crisis has evolved from a mere forecast to a tangible reality globally. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) significantly influence antibiotic prescriptions in primary care, thus crucially impacting the selective pressure and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. A profound comprehension of the microorganisms involved in UTIs and their resistance patterns is crucial, particularly in Daloa city, Côte d’Ivoire. This research aims to review the antibiotic resistance profiles of uropathogens isolated from patients in the Regional Hospital Center (CHR) of Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire from January 2019 to December 2022. Continue reading “Antibiotic resistance profiles of uropathogenic bacterial isolates in Haut-Sassandra Region, Côte d’Ivoire from January 2019 to December 2022”

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Faecal carriage of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) in children under five years of age at a tertiary hospital in southwest Nigeria

[1]Abayomi, S. A., 2Oladibu, O. T., 3Lawani, O. A., 4Owolabi, K. I., 2Alabi, A. O.,        and *2Onigbinde, M. O.

1Cancer Research UK, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom

2Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria

3Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria

42102 Cole Street, Dudley, West Midlands, United Kingdom                                         

*Correspondence to: moonigbinde@lautech.edu.ng

Abstract:  

Background:  The main reservoir of Enterobacterales is the human gut, which has been reported as a source of hospital acquired infection. Enterobacterales carrying the extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes have emerged over the years as significant multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens, that have hindered effective therapy of infections caused by them, and limited treatment to a small number of drugs such as carbapenems, leading to selection pressure and emergent resistance to carbapenems. The objective of this study was to determine the faecal carriage of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales (ESPL-PE) among children under 5 years of age at the Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.    Continue reading “Faecal carriage of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) in children under five years of age at a tertiary hospital in southwest Nigeria”

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High faecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) among hospitalized patients at Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital, Lomé, Togo in 2019

*1,2Godonou, A. M., 2Lack, F., 3,4Gbeasor-Komlanvi, F. A., 2Konlani, L., 2,3Dossim, S., 1Ameyapoh, Y. A., 3,4Ekouevi, K., 2,3Dagnra, A. Y., and 3,5Salou, M.

1High School of Biological and Food Technics, University of Lomé, Togo

2Teaching Hospital Sylvanus Olympio, Lomé, Togo

3Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lomé, Togo

4Faculty of Health Sciences Public Heath Department, University of Lomé, Togo

5Teaching Hospital Campus, Lomé, Togo *Correspondence to: godonouvirginie@yahoo.fr

Abstract:
Background: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) are a global health concern, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Even in the absence of infections, colonization by these pathogens is still a great threat because of the risk of cross transfer among hospitalized patients. Faecal carriage of ESBL-PE remained poorly documented in Africa. This study aimed to determine faecal carriage rate of ESBL-PE, factors associated with carriage, and antimicrobial susceptibility of the strains among hospitalized patients at Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospitals (CHU SO) in Lomé, Togo. Continue reading “High faecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) among hospitalized patients at Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital, Lomé, Togo in 2019”

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Microbial contamination of Naira notes circulating in Bauchi metropolis: prevalence, microbial load and detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing  Gram-negative bacteria

1Usman, M.,2Sani J.,3Ibrahim, A., and *4Olowo-okere, A  

1Department of Pharmacy, Nigerian Air Force Reference Hospital, Bauchi, Nigeria

2Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria     

3Department of Medical Microbiology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, Nigeria

4Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria *Correspondence to: olowoahmed@gmail.com

Abstract:

 Background: Globally, contamination of banknotes with various microbial species is increasingly being reported. This usually results from improper handling during exchange of goods and services. In the present study, we aimed to determine the microbial load, prevalence and the presence of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) among bacteria isolated from the Nigerian Naira notes circulating in Bauchi metropolis.

Methodology: A total of 400 Naira notes of various denominations were randomly collected aseptically, cultured and total viable counts determined. The isolated microbial species were identified using standard microbiological techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates and detection of ESBL were determined by Kirby-Bauer’s disc diffusion method and Double Disc Synergy Test (DDST), respectively. Continue reading “Microbial contamination of Naira notes circulating in Bauchi metropolis: prevalence, microbial load and detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing  Gram-negative bacteria”

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Prevalence and factors associated with extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae bacteraemia in University Hospital of Befelatanana, Madagascar

*1Rakotovao-Ravahatra Z. D., 2Randriatsarafara, F. M., 3Rakotovao, A. L., and 3Rasamindrakotroka, A.

1Laboratory of Joseph Raseta Befelatanana, University Hospital, Antananarivo, Madagascar

2Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Madagascar

3Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Madagascar *Correspondence to: ravahatradomoina@yahoo.fr; +261 34 09 301 20

Abstract:
Background: The extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae are a major cause of nosocomial bacteraemia. The objectives of this study are to describe the antibiotic resistance pattern of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae responsible for bacteraemia and identify factors associated with these infections in a University Hospital in Madagascar. Continue reading “Prevalence and factors associated with extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae bacteraemia in University Hospital of Befelatanana, Madagascar”