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Emergence of clinical vanA-type vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in National Orthopaedic Hospital Dala, Kano, Nigeria

*[1],3Abdulrahim, U., [2]Oche, D. A., [3]Kachallah, M., 4Adeshina, G. O., and 4Olayinka, B. O.

 1Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences,              Central South University, Hunan Province, China

2Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Federal University of               Health Sciences Otukpo, Benue State, Nigeria

3Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria                                                  4Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria                       *Correspondence to: uabdulrahim@csu.edu.cn and uabdulrahim@unimaid.edu.ng

Abstract:  

Background: The increasing prevalence of multi drug resistance (MDR) in strains of Staphylococcus aureus is a major challenge in the selection of an appropriate therapeutic agents, especially in persistent orthopaedic infections. This study investigated the patterns of antimicrobial resistance and identified the genetic determinants of resistance in S. aureus isolates from orthopaedic patients. Continue reading “Emergence of clinical vanA-type vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in National Orthopaedic Hospital Dala, Kano, Nigeria”

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Prevalence of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin-B resistance among clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates in University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria

*1,2Ade, T. I., 1Osiyemi, J. A., 2Aso, R. E., 3Akinduti, P. A., and 4Sunmola, N. O.
1Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ilorin, Nigeria
2Department of Microbiology, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria
3Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
4Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
*Correspondence to: tolulope.iorwuese@gmail.com; +2347066369670

Abstract:
Background: Inducible antibiotic resistance among Gram-positive cocci is a significant public health challenge that is grossly underreported within Africa, especially Nigeria. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin-B (MLSB) resistance among clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria.

Methodology: Clinical isolates were presumptively identified by Gram’s stain reaction and conventional biochemical tests such as catalase, coagulase, DNase, and mannitol fermentation. Phenotypic MLSB resistance was determined by placing clindamycin and erythromycin discs within 15 mm of each other and observing for a D-zone. Antibiotic sensitivity testing to selected antibiotics including cefoxitin for detection of methicillin resistance, was done using the modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Continue reading “Prevalence of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin-B resistance among clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates in University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria”

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Characterization of biofilm formation in clinical urinary isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from five hospitals in Lagos State, Nigeria

 1Orjih, C. I., 2Ajayi, A., 1,3Alao, F. O., 1Adeleye, A. I., and *2,4Smith, S. I.  

 1Department of Microbiology, University of Lagos, Akoka, Nigeria

2Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria

3Department of Biological Sciences, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria                       

4Mountain Top University, Lagos-Ibadan Expressway, Ogun State, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: stellaismith@yahoo.com                              

Abstract:                                                                                               

Background: Biofilm formation by pathogens is of great clinical importance as it mediates persistence and resistance to antibiotics, hence posing difficulty in treatment and management of diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biofilm forming potential of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from urine samples of females with urinary tract infection and to detect the presence of clumping factor (clfA) and intracellular adhesion (icaA) encoding genes.                                                           

Methodology: A total of 50 S. aureus were obtained from urine samples of women in five hospitals in Lagos State, Nigeria. Isolates were confirmed by standard biochemical and novobiocin susceptibility tests. The isolates were screened for biofilm formation using three methods; Congo-red agar (CRA), tube, and tissue culture plate (TCP) methods. Detection of clfA and icaA genes was done by PCR.          Continue reading “Characterization of biofilm formation in clinical urinary isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from five hospitals in Lagos State, Nigeria”

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Effects of rinsing on Staphylococcus aureus load in frozen meats and fish obtained from open markets in Benin City, Nigeria

Ogofure, A. G., and *Igbinosa, E. O.

Applied Microbial Processes & Environmental Health Research Group (AMPEHREG), Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Private Mail Bag 1154, Benin City 300283, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: etinosa.igbinosa@uniben.edu

Abstract:

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous bacterium present in the environment and one of the leading causes of superficial and deep infections. In the food industry, it is acclaimed to be globally responsible for several food-borne diseases. This study was designed to isolate methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and determine the effect of rinsing on MRSA load in frozen meat and fish obtained from open market in Benin City. Continue reading “Effects of rinsing on Staphylococcus aureus load in frozen meats and fish obtained from open markets in Benin City, Nigeria”

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Effects of certain disinfectants and antibiotics on biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus isolated from medical devices at the University Hospital Center of Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria

*1,2Kara Terki, I., 1Hassaine, H., 3Kara Terki, A., 4Nadira, B., 5Kara Terki, N., 1Bellifa, S., 1Mhamedi, I., and 1,5lachachi, M.

1Laboratory of Food, Biomedical and Environnemental Microbiology (LAMAABE)

2University of Djilali lyabes, Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria

3University Abou Bekr Belkaid, Tlemcen, Algeria

4Ecole Supérieure de Management, Tlemcen, Algeria

5University Belhadj Chouaib Ain Temouchent, Algeria
*Correspondence to: ibti.kara@gmail.com

Abstract:

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the species of bacteria most frequently isolated from medical devices. The ability to produce biofilm is an important step in the pathogenesis of these staphylococci infection, and biofilm formation is strongly dependent on environmental conditions as well as antibiotics and disinfectants used in the treatment and prevention of infections.

Methodology: In this study, 28 S. aureus isolated from medical devices at the University Hospital Center of Sidi Bel Abbes in Northwestern Algeria were tested for biofilm formation by culture on Red Congo Agar (RCA). The tube method (TM) and tissue culture plate (TCP) techniques were also used to investigate the effect of penicillin, ethanol and betadine on pre-formed biofilm.
Results: Nineteen S. aureus isolates produced biofilm on the RCA and 7 produced biofilms by the tube method, 2 of which were high producer. In addition, 9 S. aureus isolates produced biofilm on polystyrene micro-plates, and in the presence of penicillin and ethanol, this number increased to 19 and 11 biofilm producing S. aureus isolates respectively. On the other hand, no biofilm was formed in the presence of betadine.

Conclusion: It is important to test for biofilm formation following an imposed external constraint such as disinfectants and antibiotics in order to develop new strategies to combat bacterial biofilms but also to better control their formation.

Keywords : Staphylococcus aureus, biofilm, medical device, disinfectant, antibiotic

Continue reading “Effects of certain disinfectants and antibiotics on biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus isolated from medical devices at the University Hospital Center of Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria”

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Nasal carriage of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among medical students of a private institution in Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria

*1Ajani, T. A., 1Elikwu C. J., 1Nwadike, V., 1Babatunde, T., 2Anaedobe, C. J., 1Shonekan, O., 1Okangba, C. C., 1Omeonu, A., 1Faluyi, B., 1Thompson, T. E., 1Ebeigbe, E., 3Eze, B. G., 4Ajani, M. A., 1Perelade, K., 1Amoran, M., 1Okisor, P., 1Worancha, T., 1Ayoade, J.,
1Agbeniga, E., 1Emmanuel, C., and 1Coker, C. A.

1Department of Medical Microbiology, Ben Carson School of Medicine/Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria

2Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Abuja, Federal Capital territory, Abuja, Nigeria

3Department of Histopathology, Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria

4Department of Histopathology, College of Medicine/University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria *Correspondence to: solamustoo@yahoo.com; +2348034412609

Abstract:

Background: Nasal carriage of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major factor for its transmission especially from the health workers and medical students to their patients. There are a number of published data on the prevalence of MRSA among health workers but data on nasal colonization of medical students by MRSA are sparse in Nigeria. The objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence of nasal carriage of MRSA among medical students of the Ben Carson School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria, and identify risk factors associated with this nasal carriage.

Methodology: A case control study involving 100 clinical (study group) and 100 pre- clinical (control group) medical students was undertaken between March 2018 and October 2019. Structured questionnaire was administered to obtain socio-demographic information and potential risk factors. Nasal swab was collected from each student and cultured for isolation of S. aureus by standard microbiology techniques. Phenotypic MRSA was detected by the cefoxitin 30μg disk diffusion method according to the guideline of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The mecA gene was detected by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.

Results: The prevalence of S. aureus nasal carriage among the study group was 14% (14/100) while the prevalence among the control group was 6% (6/100) (p=0.097). The prevalence of phenotypic MRSA among the study group was 4% (4/100) and 1% (1/100) among the control group (p=0.3687) while mecA gene was detected in 3 of the 4 (75%) phenotypic MRSA positive study participants and in the only (100%) phenotypic MRSA positive (1%) control group. Antibiotics usage without prescription, antibiotic treatment of common cold, and use of antibiotics in the previous one year, were significantly associated with MRSA carriage among the study group.

Conclusion: Although the prevalence of nasal carriage of S. aureus and MRSA among clinical and pre-clinical medical students was not statistically significant, the risk factors identified with carriage of MRSA among the study group indicates the need for antimicrobial stewardship program to reduce carriage and transmission of MRSA by medical students.

Keywords: methicillin resistant, Staphylococcus aureus, mecA gene, nasal carriage, medical students

Received March 25, 2020; Revised April 27, 2020; Accepted April 28, 2020 Copyright 2020 AJCEM Open Access. This article is licensed and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attrition 4.0 International License <a rel=”license” href=”//creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/”, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided credit is given to the original author(s) and the source.

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Correlation of methicillin resistance and virulence genes of Staphylococcus aureus with infection types and mode of acquisition in Sofia, Bulgaria

1*Gergova, R. T., 1Tsitou, V. S., 2Gergova, I. I., 1Muhtarova, A. A., and 1Mitov, I. G.
1Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave str., 1431-Sofia, Bulgaria
2Department of Military Epidemiology and Hygiene, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria *Correspondence to: rtgergova@gmail.com; +35929172547

Abstract:
Background: Infections due to methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) which is the most virulent species among the staphylococci have become a global health challenge. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation of genes encoding virulence and methicillin resistance in invasive and non-invasive isolates from inpatients/outpatients with staphylococcal infections in Sofia, Bulgaria. Materials and methods: Non-duplicate S. aureus isolates were recovered from clinical samples obtained from a total of 368 in-patients with healthcare-associated infections and outpatients with community acquired infections, following overnight cultures of samples on Columbia agar with 5% sheep blood at 35°C. The isolates were presumptively identified by colony and Gram stain morphology, positive catalase reaction and plasma-coagulase test. Isolates were screened for methicillin resistance by the cefoxitin disk method according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) protocol. The mecA and mecC, and 12 staphylococcal virulence genes were detected by a combination of monoplex and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays.
Results: The prevalence of MRSA based on carriage of mecA gene was 12%; 7.7% for outpatients and 16.2% for inpatients (p<0.05). The frequency of toxin genes detection in the staphylococcal isolates were as follows; sei (72.6%), seb (59.8%), seh (41.3%), sec (38.3%), seg (37.5%), sej (32.3%), sea (26.6%), sed (10.3%), tst (6.5%), and see (4.3%). The virulence genes, tst, sea, seb, sec, seg, seh and sei were more frequently associated with MRSA than methicillin sensitive (MSSA) strains (p<0.05). About one-third of the clinical S. aureus isolates harbored seven virulence genes; sea, seb, sec, see, seg, seh and sei, that were detected significantly more among the invasive isolates (p<0.05).
Conclusions: This study shows the occurrence of highly virulent staphylococcal isolates in our geographical region.

Key words: Staphylococcus aureus, virulence, methicillin resistance

Received May 17, 2019; Revised June 5, 2019; Accepted June 7, 2019 Copyright 2019 AJCEM Open Access. This article is licensed and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attrition 4.0 International License (//creativecommmons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided credit is given to the original author(s) and the source.

Corrélation des gènes de résistance à la méthicilline et de virulence de Staphylococcus aureus avec les types d’infection et le mode d’acquisition à Sofia, Bulgarie

1*Gergova, R. T., 1Tsitou, V. S., 2Gergova, I. I., 1Muhtarova, A. A., et 1Mitov, I. G.
1Département de microbiologie médicale, Faculté de médecine,
Université médicale de Sofia, 2, Zdrave str., 1431-Sofia, Bulgarie
2Département d’épidémiologie et d’hygiène militaires, Académie de médecine militaire, Sofia, Bulgarie *Correspondence à: rtgergova@gmail.com; +35929172547

Abstrait:

Contexte: Les infections dues à Staphylococcus aureus résistant à la méthicilline (SARM) l’espèce la plus virulente parmi les staphylocoques, sont devenues un problème de santé mondial. Le but de cette étude était
Methicillin resistance and virulence genes of S. aureus Afr. J. Clin. Exper. Microbiol. 2019; 20 (4): 280-288
281
d’évaluer la corrélation des gènes qui codant pour la virulence et la résistance à la méthicilline avec des isolats invasifs ou non invasifs de patients hospitalisés/ambulatoires patients infectés par le staphylocoque dans Sofia, Bulgarie. Matériels et méthodes: Des isolats de S. aureus non dupliqués ont été récupérés à partir d’échantillons cliniques prélevés chez 368 patients atteints d’infections associées aux soins de santé et de patients ambulatoires présentant des infections acquises en communauté, après avoir effectué des cultures pendant la nuit d’échantillons sur de la gélose Columbia contenant 5% de sang de mouton à 35°C. Les isolats ont été présumés identifiés par la morphologie de la colonie et de la coloration de Gram, la réaction positive à la catalase et le test plasma-coagulase. Les isolats ont été criblés pour la résistance à la méthicilline par la méthode de la céfoxitine selon le protocole du Comité européen sur les tests de sensibilité aux antimicrobiens (EUCAST). Les gènes mecA et mecC, ainsi que 12 gènes de virulence staphylococcique ont été détectés par une combinaison de tests de réaction en chaîne de la polymérase (PCR) monoplex et multiplex. Résultats: La prévalence de SARM basée sur le portage du gène mecA était de 12%; 7,7% pour les patients ambulatoires et 16,2% pour les patients hospitalisés (p<0,05). La fréquence de détection des gènes de toxines dans les isolats de staphylocoques était la suivante: sei (72,6%), seb (59,8%), seh (41,3%), sec (38,3%), seg (37,5%), sej (32,3%), sea (26,6%), sed (10,3%), tst (6,5%) et see (4,3%). Les gènes de virulence, tst, sea, seb, sec, seg, seh et sei étaient plus fréquemment associés à SARM que les souches sensibles à la méthicilline (MSSA) (p<0,05). Environ un tiers des isolats cliniques de S. aureus portaient sept gènes de virulence; sea, seb, sec, see, seg, seh et sei, qui ont été détectés significativement plus parmi les isolats invasifs (p<0,05). Conclusion: Cela crée un risque de propagation d’isolats très virulents dans la région géographique

Mots-clés: Staphylococcus aureus, virulence, résistance à la méthicilline

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Correlation of methicillin resistance and virulence genes of Staphylococcus aureus with infection types and mode of acquisition in Sofia, Bulgaria

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Bacterial contamination of white coats and hands of healthcare workers at mansoura university children’s hospital, Mansoura-Egypt

N. S Gouda, A. M. Sultan, H. Eldegla, W.A Seliem

 

Abstract

Background: Transmission of hospital acquired infections (HAIs) may be associated with contamination of healthcare workers’ (HCWs) hands and white coats.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify the role of HCWs’ white coats in transmitting HAIs and to determine the association between bacterial contamination of HCWs’ hands and white coats.
Methods: A total of 154 HCWs were enrolled in the study; different samples were taken from their hands and white coats. Samples were processed and both microbiological and biochemical characterization of the isolates were done using standard microbiological protocols.
Results: Up to 65.6% of hands and 61% of coats of HCWs were contaminated by microorganisms. Staphylococcus aureus was the most commonly isolated organisms from both hands and coats of HCWs (29.2%, 27.3% respectively) followed by MRSA (22.1%, 24.7% respectively).
Conclusions: The risk for contamination of hands and coats of HCWs is high in different clinical settings. In order to reduce the rate of HAIs, a strict dress protocol should be set into play to prevent cross contamination between HCWs and patients.

Keywords: contamination, HCWs, coat, hand, Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA.

 

Contamination bacterienne de manteaux blancs et de mains de soins de sante a l’hopital pour enfants de l’universite mansoura, Mansoura-Egypte

Contexte: La transmission des infections

Objectif: Le but de cette étude était de déterminer l’étendue, le type et l’association entre la contamination bactérienne des mains des travailleurs de la santé et les blouses blanches.

Méthodes: Au total, 154 travailleurs de la santé ont été inclus dans l’étude; différents échantillons ont été pris de leurs mains et des manteaux blancs. Les échantillons ont été traités et la caractérisation microbiologique et biochimique des isolats a été effectuée en utilisant des protocoles microbiologiques standard.

Résultats: Jusqu’à 65,6% des mains et 61% des couches de TS ont été contaminées par des micro-organismes. Le Staphylococcus aureusétait le plus souvent isolé des deux mains et des deux sexes (29,2%, 27,3%), suivi par le SARM (22,1%, 24,7% respectivement).

Conclusions: Le risque de contamination des mains et des couches de TS est élevé dans différents contextes cliniques. Afin de réduire le taux d’IASS, un protocole vestimentaire strict devrait être mis en place pour prévenir la contamination croisée entre les travailleurs de la santé et les patients.

Mots clés: contamination, agents de santé, manteau, main, Staphylococcus aureus, SARM

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Bacterial contamination of white coats and hands of healthcare workers at mansoura university children’s hospital, Mansoura-Egypt

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In-vitro antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Umuahia, Abia state, Nigeria

EO Ekundayo, RN Ndubuisi

 

Abstract

The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcusaureus in Umuahia was investigated in this study.A total of 113 strains of S. aureusconsisting of 30 isolates from clinical specimens obtained from 10 medical Laboratories and 83 isolates from nasal swabs of University students in Umuahia, were tested against 10 antimicrobial agents using the disc agar diffusion method. Resistance to penicillin, ampicillin, cloxacillin and tetracycline was 100% among strains isolated from clinical specimens. The clinical isolates also exhibited high rates of resistance to chloramphenicol (97%) and erythromycin (97%). Seven (23%) of these isolates were sensitive to Gentamicin and 6 (20%) to Streptomycin. Likewise, all the 83(100%) and 82 (98.8%)were resistant to penicillin and cloxacillin, respectively.Isolates from nasal passages appeared to be less resistant to chloramphenicol (54.2%), gentamicin (43.4), streptomycin (31.3%) and tetracycline (51.8%). Ampicillin did not produce any zone of inhibition against 29 (96.7%) isolates from clinical specimens and only slightly inhibited one with zone of inhibition of 8mm. Nineteen of the isolates manifested low to high level of resistance to chloramphenicol with mean zone of inhibition ranging from 15. 8± 0.7 mm to 9.8± 2.0 mm. All the isolates were completely resistant to penicillin and cloxacillin with no zone of inhibition at all. In the case of gentamicin, 5 (16.7%) had intermediate susceptibility (mean zone of inhibition 14±0 mm), 12(40%) had mean inhibition zone of 9.6±2.9 mm and 6(20%) were not inhibited. This study shows that S. aureus strains isolated from clinical specimens and healthy students in Umuahia are highly resistant to common antibiotics. This may not be unconnected with indiscriminate use of antibiotics and calls for more control and rational use of antibiotics to minimize the rate of development of resistance to other antibiotics.

Key words: Staphylococcus aureus, antimicrobial resistance, disc agar diffusion, antibiotic susceptibility

French Abstract

Le profil de sensibilité antimicrobienne de Staphylococcus aureus à Umuahia a été recherché dans cette étude. Au total, 113 souches de S. aureus composé de 30 souches provenant d’échantillons cliniques obtenus à partir de 10 laboratoires médicaux et 83 souches d’écouvillons nasaux des étudiants universitaires à Umuahia, ont été testées contre 10 agents antimicrobiens par la méthode de diffusion disque sur gélose. La résistance à la pénicilline, l’ampicilline, la cloxacilline et la tétracycline a été de 100% chez les souches isolées d’échantillons cliniques. Les souches cliniques ont également présenté des taux élevés de résistance au chloramphénicol (97%) et à l’érythromycine (97%). Sept (23%) de ces souches étaient sensibles à la gentamicine et 6 (20%) à la streptomycine. De même, tous les 83 (100%) et 82 (98,8%) étaient résistants respectivement à la pénicilline et à la cloxacilline. Les souches de voies nasales semblaient être moins résistantes au chloramphénicol (54,2%), à la gentamicine (43,4), à la streptomycine (31,3%) et à la tétracycline (51,8%). L’ampicilline n’a produit aucune zone d’inhibition contre 29 (96,7%) souches provenant d’échantillons cliniques et seulement légèrement inhibées avec une zone d’inhibition de 8mm. Dix-neuf souches ont manifesté un faible niveau élevé de résistance au chloramphénicol avec une zone d’inhibition moyenne allant de 15. 8 ± 0,7 mm à 9.8± 2,0mm. Toutes les souches étaient complètement résistantes à la pénicilline et à la cloxacilline sans zone d’inhibition. Dans le cas de la gentamicine, 5 (16,7%) souches avaient une sensibilité intermédiaire (zone d’inhibition moyenne de 14 ± 0 mm), 12 (40%) souches ont eu une zone d’inhibition moyenne de 9,6 ± 2,9 mm et 6 (20%) souches ne ont pas été inhibées. Cette étude montre que les souches de S. aureus isolées  à partir d’échantillons cliniques et des étudiants en bonne santé à Umuahia sont très résistantes aux antibiotiques courants. Cela peut ne pas être en rapport avec l’utilisation sans discernement des antibiotiques et des appels pour plus de contrôle et d’utilisation rationnelle des antibiotiques afin de minimiser le taux de développement d’une résistance à d’autres antibiotiques.

Mots clés: Staphylococcus aureus, résistance aux antimicrobiens, disque de diffusion sur gélose, sensibilité aux

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In vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of partially purified enterocin produced by Enterococcus faecalis and its application in wound healing

O.M. David, M.O. Alese, D.M. Komolafe, I.J. Adejare, O.O. Alese, A.E. Omonisi

 

Abstract

Background: The recent global upsurge in antibiotic resistance among bacteria associated with wounds has contributed to high treatment failures in wound management. Enterocin are produced by enterococci and has been reported to inhibit the growth of many bacteria including those associated with wound infections.

Objectives: In this study, antibacterial and physico-chemical properties of partially purified enterocin (PPE) from Enterococcus faecalis was determined. Also, the possible application of the enterocin in wound management was evaluated.

Materials and Methods: Eight different enterocin were tested and that with highest antibacterial (E3) was partially purified using standard methods. The molecular weight of the PPE was determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after which the in vitro anti-Staphylococcus aureus potential of the PPE was determined.

Results: Enterocin (E3) was effective against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloaca, Listeria monocytogenes and Proteus vulgaris. The activity of the E3 was very prominent at pH of 4 and 8. The molecular size of the isolated enterocin was 5.5 KDa. The photomicrograph of the skin tissue of the skin treated with partially purified enterocin for day 7showed epidermis covered by atrophic stratified squamous epithelium. A synergistic interaction was noticed when Eusol was used with the enterocin.

Conclusions: From this study, enterocin from E. faecalis has a low molecular weight and inhibited bacteria isolates from wound and also aids physiological healing of wound.The antibacterial potency of this bacteriocin indicates that it is an alternative therapeutic agent that can be employed in wound care and management.

Keywords: Enterocin, Enterococcus faecalis, wounds, bacteriocin, Staphylococcus aureus, skin

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In vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of partially purified enterocin produced by Enterococcus faecalis and its application in wound healing