[1],[2],[3]Adikwu, P., *1Oche, D. A., 2Umeh, E. U., 2Ogbonna, I. O., 2Iheukwumere, C. C., [4]Obande, G. A., [5]Oyiwona, G. E., 2Adole, P. I., 1Agbo, A. A., 2Ochekpe, S. O., 3Okoh, M. E., and 3Soom, S. T.
[1] Département de Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Fédérale des Sciences de la Santé d’Otukpo, État de Benue, Nigéria
[2] Département de Microbiologie, Université Fédérale d’Agriculture, Makurdi, État de Benue, Nigéria
[3] 3Département de Microbiologie, Université d’État de Benue Makurdi, État de Benue, Nigéria
[4] 4Département de Microbiologie, Université Fédérale, Lafia, État de Nasarawa, Nigéria
[5] Département de Technologie de Laboratoire Scientifique, École Polytechnique de l’État de Benue, Ugbokolo,
Abstract:
Background: The emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Salmonella Typhi poses a major challenge in the treatment of typhoid fever using commonly available antibiotics. However, in many rural and semi-urban communities of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), routine surveillance for MDR S. Typhi is scarcely undertaken. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of β-lactamase genes in MDR S. Typhi isolated from patients in nine secondary healthcare facilities in Benue south senatorial district, northcentral Nigeria.
Methodology: MDR S. Typhi (n=122) isolated from stool samples of patients initially diagnosed with typhoid fever using the Widal agglutination test in a previous study were used in this study. The isolates were confirmed by standard culture and biochemical identification characteristics. Plasmid DNA was isolated from each MDR isolate and selected β-lactam resistant (blaSHV, blaTEM, and blaCTX-M) and carbapenem resistant (blaIMP) genes were amplified by conventional simplex PCR assay.
Results: A total of 18 (14.8%) MDR S. Typhi isolates contained plasmids while on PCR assay, 5 (4.1%) isolates harbored blaSHV and 3 (2.5%) harbored blaTEM, which encodes resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, while none harbored blaIMP, which encodes resistance to carbapenems or blaCTX-M, which encodes resistance to many extended spectrum β-lactam antibiotics.
Conclusion: This finding showed that the strains of MDR S. Typhi isolates in the study setting are those that harbored blaSHV and blaTEM, which encode resistance to β-lactam antibiotics while strains that harbor blaIMP are apparently rare. A larger study across the entire region is required to confirm this finding.
Keywords: Salmonella Typhi, multi-drug resistance, blaIMP, blaSHV, blaTEM, blaCTX-M, plasmid
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