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Genomic characterization of an extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolate

*[1]Danjuma, I., [2]Timan, T. E., 1Daikwo, M. A., and 1Anunobi, O. O.

1Department of Biochemistry, Bingham University, Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

 2Zankli Research Center, Bingham University, Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: idanjuma4real@gmail.com; +2348063471293

Abstract:

Background: Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, constitutes a predominant infectious disease with high mortality on a global scale, especially in Nigeria. The emergence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB poses a significant challenge to the control of this disease, underscoring the necessity for the identification of underlying genetic mutations to facilitate informed treatment decisions and mitigate transmission. Continue reading “Genomic characterization of an extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolate”

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Prevalence of bacterial pathogens and molecular detection of metallo-β-lactamases in Gram-negative bacteria from mobile phones of healthcare workers in a Nigerian tertiary hospital

*[1]Famojuro, O. B., [2]Famojuro, T. I., 3Adewusi, O. M., and 4Oluwatobi, O. B.

1Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria

2Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bingham University,  Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

3Seal Healthcare Limited, Ipaja, Lagos State, Nigeria

4Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: olaniran.oluwatoyin@oouagoiwoye.edu.ng; +2349062214760

Abstract:  

 Background: The increasing usage of mobile phones in healthcare settings is cause for concern because these gadgets could be used to disseminate harmful bacteria. This study aimed to detect the presence of bacterial pathogens and carriage of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) genes in Gram-negative bacteria from mobile phones of healthcare workers (HCWs) and medical students at the Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Ogun State, Nigeria.                                                              Continue reading “Prevalence of bacterial pathogens and molecular detection of metallo-β-lactamases in Gram-negative bacteria from mobile phones of healthcare workers in a Nigerian tertiary hospital”

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Environmental contamination rates by extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Acinetobacter baumannii in selected hospitals in southwest Nigeria

Department of Microbiology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria

Correspondence to: ayorinde.akinbobola@aaua.edu.ng

 

Abstract:

 Background: Acinetobacter baumannii poses significant threat in healthcare facilities due to its innate ability to persist on harsh environmental surfaces for extended periods and its common resistance to multiple antibiotics, through mechanisms such as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production. Healthcare-associated (HAI) A. baumannii infections are a growing concern in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs), with environmental surfaces serving as important reservoirs for transmission. However, there is limited information on A. baumannii contamination rates of environmental surfaces in healthcare facilities. This study determined the contamination rates and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of A. baumannii from high-touch surfaces in selected hospitals in Akoko area of Ondo State, southwest Nigeria. Continue reading “Environmental contamination rates by extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Acinetobacter baumannii in selected hospitals in southwest Nigeria”

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Knowledge and practices of hepatitis E virus disease prevention among pig handlers in selected local government areas of Enugu State, Nigeria

*1Eya, N. J., 1Onyemelukwe, F. N., 2Chukwubike, M. C., and [1]Chukwukelu, N. V.

1Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria

2Molecular Virology Unit, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria

3Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: nnennajuliet2017@gmail.com; +2348064519137

 

Abstract:

 Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic pathogen with significant public health implications, particularly among pig handlers who are at increased risk due to occupational exposure. Despite the growing pig farming industry in Enugu State, Nigeria, awareness and preventive practices related to HEV remain poorly understood. This study assessed the knowledge and preventive measures of HEV among pig handlers in Enugu State, identifying key demographic factors influencing awareness and hygiene practices. Continue reading “Knowledge and practices of hepatitis E virus disease prevention among pig handlers in selected local government areas of Enugu State, Nigeria”

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In vitro antimicrobial activities of two medicinal plant extracts against selected urinary pathogens and their synergistic effects with synthetic antibiotics

*1,2Baba, R. T., 1Oluboyo, B. O., 1Egbebi, A. H., 2Dangana, Z. A., 2Muhammad, Z. K.,

2Sowole, H. B., 2Sani, H. U., 2Yakubu, F., 3Aladodo, M., 2Babatunde, S. K., and 4Muhammed, T. O.

 

1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

2Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria

3Department of Immunology, Faculty of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, University of Abuja, Nigeria

4Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Elizade University, Ilara-Mokin,  Ondo State, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: omotayo.rasheedat@gmail.com; rtbaba@alhikmah.edu.ng;

+2347065391534; +2349026144501

Abstract:

Background: Antibiotic resistance is currently a major global health concern. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are emerging and spreading rapidly, threatening the ability to treat common infectious diseases such as urinary tract infection (UTI). The objective of this study is to determine the in vitro antimicrobial activities of two medicinal plants (Euphorbia hirta and Senna alata) and their synergistic effects with synthetic antibiotics. Continue reading “In vitro antimicrobial activities of two medicinal plant extracts against selected urinary pathogens and their synergistic effects with synthetic antibiotics”

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Phytochemical screening, in vitro anti-fungal activities, and time-kill kinetics of methanol extracts of Nauclea latifolia against selected dermatophytes

*1Odeyemi, O., and 2Enweani-Nwokelo, I. B.

1Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Achievers University, Owo, Nigeria

2Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: yemiode@yahoo.com;  Tel: +2347032971869

Abstract: 

Background: Dermatophytosis is a highly contagious superficial mycosis of the genera Trichophyton, Epidermophyton and Microsporum that affects both man and animal. The different plant parts of Nauclea latifolia are known to have ethnomedicinal uses. The objective of this study is to access the phytochemical components of N. latifolia plant parts and to investigate the anti-fungal activities and time-kill kinetics of the plant parts against isolated dermatophyte species.

Methodology: The pulverized parts (root, stem, leaf, fruit) of authenticated N. latifolia plant were extracted using cold maceration method for 48 hours in methanol. The extracts were then concentrated almost to dryness and the phytochemical constituents assessed. The preliminary screening of the anti-dermatophytic activities of the extracts was determined by the agar disc diffusion technique on selected dermatophytes, consisting of two isolates of Microsporum ferrugineum (strains 1 and 2), two isolates of Trichophyton mentagrophytes (strains 1 and 2), one isolate of Microsporum audouinii and one isolate of Microsporum canis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) and time-kill kinetics of the extracts were determined using standard methods on the selected dermatophytes. Continue reading “Phytochemical screening, in vitro anti-fungal activities, and time-kill kinetics of methanol extracts of Nauclea latifolia against selected dermatophytes”