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The role of 16S rRNA sequencing in bridging phenotypic– genotypic gaps in Salmonella identification: Evidence from a Nigerian endemic zone

*1Attah, C. J., 2Egah, D. Z., and 3Lar, P. M.

1Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria                                

2Department of Medical Microbiology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria

3Department of Microbiology, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: marysolspecialist2@gmail.com; attah.caleb@yahoo.com; +234 8069231690;

ORCID: 0000-0002-3261-1127

Abstract:

Background: Accurate laboratory identification of Salmonella species is essential for effective diagnosis, anti- microbial stewardship, and surveillance of enteric fever. Conventional culture and biochemical methods remain the primary diagnostic approach in many laboratories in resource-limited countries but are prone to misidentification because several members of the family Enterobacteriaceae exhibit similar phenotypic characteristics. This study evaluated the role of 16S rRNA gene sequencing in validating phenotypic identification of Salmonella isolates obtained from patients with suspected enteric fever in Nigeria. Continue reading “The role of 16S rRNA sequencing in bridging phenotypic– genotypic gaps in Salmonella identification: Evidence from a Nigerian endemic zone”

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Phenotypic and molecular detection of methicillin-resistance and virulence factors in coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in southeastern Nigeria

*1Ikeagwu, I. J., 2,3Oshim, I. O., 4Obi, C. M., 5Odeyemi, O., 4Urama, E. U., 6Ikeagwulonu, C. R., 2,7Azi, S. O., 2,7Aniokete, U. C., 4Okeke-Nwolisa, B. C., and 2,3Okekpa,S. I.

1Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Nigeria

2Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, David Umahi Federal University of Health Science, Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

3International Institute for Oncology and Cancer, Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

4Department of Medical Microbiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria

5Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Achiever University, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria

6Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

7International Institute of Infectious Disease, Biosafety and Biosecurity, Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: judithfmc@gmail.com

Abstract:

Background: The emergence of antibiotic resistance among coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) is an important factor in nosocomial infections outcomes in the healthcare system. This study aimed to phenotypically detect methicillin resistance and genotypically detect mecA gene and other virulence markers in coagulasenegative staphylococci isolated from patients with suspected urinary tract infection (UTI) in Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital (AE-FUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Continue reading “Phenotypic and molecular detection of methicillin-resistance and virulence factors in coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in southeastern Nigeria”

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Bacterial etiology of spreading odontogenic infection in southwest Nigeria using the 16S rRNA next generation sequencing technique

[1],[2],[3]Famurewa, B. A., 1,2Uwanibe, J. N., 1,2Olawoye, I. B., 2Eromon, P., 3Aregbesola, S. B., 3Oginni, F. O., 1,2Happi, C. T., and *1,2Folarin, O. A.

1Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Redeemer’s University,  PMB 230, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria

2African Center of Excellence for the Genomics of Infectious Diseases (ACEGID), Redeemer’s University, PMB 230, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria

3Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria                                                  *Correspondence to: folarino@run.edu.ng; ORCID No: 0000-0001-7283-2920

Abstract:

Background: Genomics surveillance and characterization of pathogens have enabled prompt and accurate diagnosis, for improved management and control of infectious diseases. This study aimed to identify bacteria associated with spreading odontogenic infections (SOIs) among patients visiting the Dental Center of the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Nigeria, by sequencing 16S rRNA gene of the bacteria. Continue reading “Bacterial etiology of spreading odontogenic infection in southwest Nigeria using the 16S rRNA next generation sequencing technique”

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Genotypic identification of coliforms isolated from cases of subclinical mastitis among pastoral herds in parts of Kaduna State, Nigeria

1, 2*Makolo, D., 2Suleiman, A. B., 2Olonitola, O. S., 3Bello, M., and 4Ahmadu, I.

1Department of Sciences, School of Preliminary Studies, Kogi State Polytechnic, Lokoja, Nigeria

2Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

3Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

4National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Zaria, Nigeria *Correspondence to: makolodaniel@gmail.com

Abstract:

Background: Mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus was initially considered the major problem in dairy herds, but over the last few decades, the incidence of coliform mastitis has increased among the pastoral herds in Nigeria due to poor environmental and milking hygiene. Hence, this study was aimed at genotypic identification of coliform bacteria isolated from cases of bovine mastitis among pastoral herds in parts of Kaduna State, Nigeria.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 30 herds of cows across 7 Local Government Areas of Kaduna State, Nigeria, was conducted. One hundred and forty seven cows were proportionately selected by purposive sampling technique. The milk samples were aseptically collected and bacteriologically screened for coliform bacteria following standard bacteriological techniques. Nine out of 12 coliforms identified phenotypically were selected for PCR amplification and sequencing of their 16S rRNA gene. The Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis of the sequences obtained was done on the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) data base, and isolates confirmed based on similarity to 16S rDNA sequences in the Gen Bank Continue reading “Genotypic identification of coliforms isolated from cases of subclinical mastitis among pastoral herds in parts of Kaduna State, Nigeria”

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In vitro, acidic, non-proteinaceous antifungal activities of lactic acid bacteria isolated from salad vegetables against human pathogenic Candida albicans

T.A. Bamidele, B.A. Adeniyi, S.I. Smith

 

Abstract

Background: The antagonistic abilities of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) against clinical isolates of Candida albicans are not quite widely reported and such are even scarce in Nigeria. This study therefore investigated inhibitory potentials of LAB isolated from locally grown cabbage, cucumber and lettuce against four (4) clinical isolates of C. albicans.

Methods: The cell free supernatants (CFS) generated from LAB culture filtrate was evaluated for anti-candida activity using agar well diffusion method, and the CFS-LAB pH was measured and neutralized using standard methods. The proteinaceous inhibitory metabolites were assayed for using sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) technique. The LAB strains used were previously isolated and identified by 16S rRNA partial sequencing and their data submitted to GenBank for accessioning.

Results: The CFS of six (6) LAB strains showed varying degrees of anti-candida activity. Pediococcus pentosaceus BTA 51 from cucumber showed the widest inhibition zone of 14 mm while at neutral pH, it was 12 mm diameter. Weissella confusa BTA 20, BTA 40 isolated from cabbage and lettuce produced 10 mm and 12 mm zones of inhibition at acidic and neutral pH respectively. Lactobacillus plantarum BTA 07 from lettuce showed inhibition zone of 12 mm while L. fermentum BTA 47 and BTA 62 from cucumber showed zones of 14 mm each in acidic pH only. The SDS-PAGE did not detect any proteinaceous substances.

Conclusion: In conclusion, LAB isolated from cabbage, cucumber and lettuce produced organic acids, non proteinaceous metabolites at neutral pH, exhibiting invitro inhibitory abilities against clinical isolates of C. albicans.

Keywords: In vitro, Lactic acid bacteria, 16S rRNA, antifungal, SDS-PAGE, salad vegetables

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In vitro, acidic, non-proteinaceous antifungal activities of lactic acid bacteria isolated from salad vegetables against human pathogenic Candida albicans