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Antibiotic resistance in uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains at Brazzaville University Hospital, Congo and the therapeutic consequences

1,2Mieret, T., 1,3Ontsira Ngoyi, E. N., 1,4Aloumba, A., 1, 4Ossibi Ibara, B. R., and 1,5Odzebe, A. W. S.

1Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo

2National Public Health Laboratory, Brazzaville, Congo

3Bacteriology-Virology Laboratory, Brazzaville University Hospital, Congo

4Department of Infectious Diseases, Brazzaville University Hospital, Congo

5Department of Urology, Brazzaville University Hospital, Congo

*Correspondence to: tmieret@gmail.com; Tel: 00242068806913

Abstract:
Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a very frequent reason for consultations and antibiotic prescriptions in everyday practice. Excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics is responsible for the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) uropathogenic bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of isolation and antibiotic resistance of uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolated in the bacteriology-virology laboratory of the University Hospital Centre (CHU) in Brazzaville, Congo. Continue reading “Antibiotic resistance in uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains at Brazzaville University Hospital, Congo and the therapeutic consequences”

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Antibiotic resistance profiles of uropathogenic bacterial isolates in Haut-Sassandra Region, Côte d’Ivoire from January 2019 to December 2022

 

[1]Gbégbé, D. A., 1,2N’zi, N. P., 3Monthaut, S., 2Guessennd-Kouadio, N., and *1Angaman, D. M.

1Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology, Jean Lorougnon Guédé University, Daloa, P.O. Box 150 Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire

2Department of Bacteriology-Virology, National Reference Center for Antibiotics, Pasteur Institute Côte d’Ivoire, P. O. Box 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire

3Bacteriology-Virology Laboratory, Regional Hospital Center of Daloa, P. O. Box 207 Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire *Correspondence to: angaman@ujlg.edu.ci

 

Abstract:

Background: The escalating issue of bacterial resistance is a profound universal peril. This looming crisis has evolved from a mere forecast to a tangible reality globally. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) significantly influence antibiotic prescriptions in primary care, thus crucially impacting the selective pressure and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. A profound comprehension of the microorganisms involved in UTIs and their resistance patterns is crucial, particularly in Daloa city, Côte d’Ivoire. This research aims to review the antibiotic resistance profiles of uropathogens isolated from patients in the Regional Hospital Center (CHR) of Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire from January 2019 to December 2022. Continue reading “Antibiotic resistance profiles of uropathogenic bacterial isolates in Haut-Sassandra Region, Côte d’Ivoire from January 2019 to December 2022”

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In vitro antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial pathogens and risk factors associated with culture positive neonatal sepsis  in two hospitals, Katsina metropolis, Nigeria

[1]Obaro, H. K., 1Abdulkadir, B., and 2Abdullahi, S.

1Department of Microbiology, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria

2Department of Pharmacology, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: obarohasan@yahoo.com; +2348136436916

Abstract:

Background: Neonatal sepsis is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality among neonates, particularly in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the risk factors and in vitro antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacterial pathogens associated with neonatal sepsis in Federal Medical Centre (FMC) and Turai Umaru Yar’adua Maternal and Children Hospital (TUYMCH), Katsina, Nigeria.

Methodology: A total of 60 hospitalized neonates evaluated for neonatal sepsis at the special care baby units (SCBU) of the two healthcare facilities whose parents gave informed consent were enrolled for the study between July and December 2020. Blood samples were aseptically collected from the neonates and cultured on BacT/Alert automated platform (BioMérieux, Mercy-Etoile, France) machine. Bacteria were identified from all positive cultures and in vitro susceptibility test was performed on the isolates to determine their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to eight selected antibiotics using the Vitek-2 compact system. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22.0.  Continue reading “In vitro antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial pathogens and risk factors associated with culture positive neonatal sepsis  in two hospitals, Katsina metropolis, Nigeria”

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Roll out of a successful antimicrobial stewardship programme in Lagos University Teaching Hospital Nigeria using the Global-Point Prevalence Survey 

*1,4Oshun, P. O., 2Roberts, A. A., 1,4Osuagwu, C. S., 3Akintan, P. E., 3Fajolu, I. B.,     4Ola-Bello, O. I., 2Odukoya, O. O., 2Akodu, B., 5Okunowo, A. A., 6Versporten, A.,  6Pauwels, I., 6Goosens, H., 7Busari, A. A., 7Olusanya, A. W., 7Nwaiwu, O., 3Temiye, E. O., Osibogun, A. O., 8Bode, C. O., 9Antimicrobial Stewardship Committee., and 1,4Oduyebo, O. O.                                     

1Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos

2Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos

3Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos

4Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos

5Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos

6Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium

7Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology College of Medicine, University of Lagos

8Department of Surgery, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos

9Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos *Correspondence to: sampydee@yahoo.com

 

Abstract:

 Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a public health emergency with increasing rates and spread globally. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) has been advocated to reduce the burden of antimicrobial resistance, promote rational and appropriate use of antibiotics and improve clinical outcomes. Education and training are one of the AMS interventions to improve antimicrobial use. We present the roll out of a successful AMS programme with education and training using the Global-PPS as data collection tool to measure AMS interventions and impact. Continue reading “Roll out of a successful antimicrobial stewardship programme in Lagos University Teaching Hospital Nigeria using the Global-Point Prevalence Survey “

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Effects of certain disinfectants and antibiotics on biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus isolated from medical devices at the University Hospital Center of Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria

*1,2Kara Terki, I., 1Hassaine, H., 3Kara Terki, A., 4Nadira, B., 5Kara Terki, N., 1Bellifa, S., 1Mhamedi, I., and 1,5lachachi, M.

1Laboratory of Food, Biomedical and Environnemental Microbiology (LAMAABE)

2University of Djilali lyabes, Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria

3University Abou Bekr Belkaid, Tlemcen, Algeria

4Ecole Supérieure de Management, Tlemcen, Algeria

5University Belhadj Chouaib Ain Temouchent, Algeria
*Correspondence to: ibti.kara@gmail.com

Abstract:

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the species of bacteria most frequently isolated from medical devices. The ability to produce biofilm is an important step in the pathogenesis of these staphylococci infection, and biofilm formation is strongly dependent on environmental conditions as well as antibiotics and disinfectants used in the treatment and prevention of infections.

Methodology: In this study, 28 S. aureus isolated from medical devices at the University Hospital Center of Sidi Bel Abbes in Northwestern Algeria were tested for biofilm formation by culture on Red Congo Agar (RCA). The tube method (TM) and tissue culture plate (TCP) techniques were also used to investigate the effect of penicillin, ethanol and betadine on pre-formed biofilm.
Results: Nineteen S. aureus isolates produced biofilm on the RCA and 7 produced biofilms by the tube method, 2 of which were high producer. In addition, 9 S. aureus isolates produced biofilm on polystyrene micro-plates, and in the presence of penicillin and ethanol, this number increased to 19 and 11 biofilm producing S. aureus isolates respectively. On the other hand, no biofilm was formed in the presence of betadine.

Conclusion: It is important to test for biofilm formation following an imposed external constraint such as disinfectants and antibiotics in order to develop new strategies to combat bacterial biofilms but also to better control their formation.

Keywords : Staphylococcus aureus, biofilm, medical device, disinfectant, antibiotic

Continue reading “Effects of certain disinfectants and antibiotics on biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus isolated from medical devices at the University Hospital Center of Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria”

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Urinary tract infections in a Tertiary Hospital in Abuja, Nigeria

KC Iregbu, PI Nwajiobi-Princewill

 

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections. In uncomplicated cases the infection is easily treated with a course of antibiotic, but there is increased resistance to many of these antibiotics.
Objective: To determine the profile of UTI among patients using National Hospital Abuja and the antibiotic susceptibility profile of isolated uropathogens.
Methods: This prospective study was carried out at the department of Medical Microbiology of National Hospital, Abuja over a period of three years (January 2010 – December 2012). A total of 6763 urine samples were analyzed for age, gender, distribution, yield and antibiotics sensitivity.
Results: Of 6763 urine samples, 885 (13.1%) yielded uropathogens, with the highest percentage yield in the below one year and above 57 years age groups. The mean age was 33.9 years and modal group was 25 -32 years. The most common isolates were Escherichia coli 323 (37%) and Klebsiella spp 202 (25%). Although more infections occurred in outpatients than inpatients, the rate was more with inpatients (36% vs 11%). 97% of Klebsiella spp, 89% of E coli and 83% of P.aeruginosa were sensitive to imipenem, while their respective sensitivities to amikacin were 65%, 98% and 96% Most isolates showed high levels of resistance to many other antibiotics tested.
Conclusion: High levels of resistance exist among uropathogens in our study area. This calls for regular surveillance and improved antibiotic stewardship.

Keywords : Urinary tract infection, National Hospital Abuja, antibiotic

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Urinary tract infections in a Tertiary Hospital in Abuja, Nigeria