HPV – afrjcem.org

^*1Ogunyemi, D. T., ¹Sodiya, H. A., ²Somade, O., and ³Kawu, S.

¹Department of Morbid Anatomy and Histopathology, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria

²Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, State Hospital, Abeokuta, Nigeria

³Department of Pathology, Gombe State University, Gombe, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: ogunyemidamilare@gmail.com; +2348140093814

Abstract:

Background: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is a precursor to cervical cancer, often associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Accurate diagnosis and grading of CIN are critical for effective management. Immunohistochemical markers like p16 and Ki-67 can enhance diagnostic precision by identifying oncogenic HPV-induced changes and cellular proliferation. This study evaluates the diagnostic utility of p16 and Ki-67 expression in CIN lesions and association with HPV status and histological grade.

Methodology: This retrospective study analyzed archived cervical biopsy samples diagnosed with CIN over a 5-year period in a tertiary care center in Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria. Histological grading of CIN was confirmed, and immunohistochemical staining for p16 and Ki-67 was performed. HPV status was determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the biopsy sample. Marker expression patterns were compared across CIN grades and with HPV status. Statistical association of p16 and Ki-67 expression with CIN grades and HPV was done using Chi-square or Fisher Exact test, with p<0.05 considered as statistical significance. Continue reading “Diagnostic utility of p16 and Ki-67 immunohistochemical markers in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: Association with HPV status and histological grade”

^[1]Okoeguale, J.,^*[2]Samuel, S. O., ^[3]Amadi, S. C., ¹Njoku, A., and ¹Okome, G. B. O.

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria

²Department of Medical Microbiology, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria

³Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: samuelolowo2003@gmail.com

Abstract:

Background: Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses and most women in the world are probably infected with at least one type of the virus during their sexual life. Oncogenic HPVs are predominantly sexually-transmitted pathogens and several high-risk types are associated with nearly all cases of cervical cancer worldwide. In view of paucity of data on the prevalence and distribution of various high risk HPV subtypes, this study was carried out to provide evidence based local data for cervical cancer preventive programs within this region.

Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 145 consenting women living in Ugbegun rural community of Edo central senatorial district, Edo State, Nigeria. Informed consent of each participant was obtained and socio-demographic information collected through interviewer-administered collection tool. Cervical swab sample was collected using the female cervical cell collection kit for HPV DNA testing. HPV DNA was detected by the Hybribio 21 HPV Geno array test kit which uses polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and flow through hybridization assay. Summary statistics were presented as mean, standard deviation, median, frequency and proportions as appropriate using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. Association of sociodemographic characteristics of the women with HPV prevalence was done using the ‘t’ test, with p value less than 0.5 considered statistical significance. Continue reading “Prevalence and distribution of cervical high-risk human papillomavirus infection in a rural community of Edo State, Nigeria”