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Exploring the antimicrobial potential of Azadirachta indica (Neem) phytoconstituents against drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: A molecular docking and ADMET screening study

Adewole, P. D., *Oluwafemi, I. B., and Bamigboye, K. P.  

 Medical Laboratory Science Programme, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Ilesa, Ilesa, Osun State, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: oluwafemi.inioluwa@bowen.edu.ng; 07026731414; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009–0006–8086–1637

 

Abstract:

 

Background: The emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii remains at the top of the health care concern around the world which thereby emphasizes the need to discover novel antimicrobials from medicinal plants, such as Azadirachta indica (neem) in treatment of infections caused by MDR A. baumannii. The current insilico study was aimed to evaluate inhibitory potential of Neem derived phytoconstituents against essential proteins of A. baumannii and their evaluation of pharmacokinetic characteristics.                 Continue reading “Exploring the antimicrobial potential of Azadirachta indica (Neem) phytoconstituents against drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: A molecular docking and ADMET screening study”

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Phytochemical screening, in vitro anti-fungal activities, and time-kill kinetics of methanol extracts of Nauclea latifolia against selected dermatophytes

*1Odeyemi, O., and 2Enweani-Nwokelo, I. B.

1Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Achievers University, Owo, Nigeria

2Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: yemiode@yahoo.com;  Tel: +2347032971869

Abstract: 

Background: Dermatophytosis is a highly contagious superficial mycosis of the genera Trichophyton, Epidermophyton and Microsporum that affects both man and animal. The different plant parts of Nauclea latifolia are known to have ethnomedicinal uses. The objective of this study is to access the phytochemical components of N. latifolia plant parts and to investigate the anti-fungal activities and time-kill kinetics of the plant parts against isolated dermatophyte species.

Methodology: The pulverized parts (root, stem, leaf, fruit) of authenticated N. latifolia plant were extracted using cold maceration method for 48 hours in methanol. The extracts were then concentrated almost to dryness and the phytochemical constituents assessed. The preliminary screening of the anti-dermatophytic activities of the extracts was determined by the agar disc diffusion technique on selected dermatophytes, consisting of two isolates of Microsporum ferrugineum (strains 1 and 2), two isolates of Trichophyton mentagrophytes (strains 1 and 2), one isolate of Microsporum audouinii and one isolate of Microsporum canis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) and time-kill kinetics of the extracts were determined using standard methods on the selected dermatophytes. Continue reading “Phytochemical screening, in vitro anti-fungal activities, and time-kill kinetics of methanol extracts of Nauclea latifolia against selected dermatophytes”

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Comparative analysis of the phytochemical and antibacterial activity of the root extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla and Vitellaria paradoxa

*Oyedum, U. M., Kuta, F. A., Garba, S. A., and Enejiyon, S. O.
Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: hemdi41@gmail.com

Abstract:
Background: Over time, herbal plants and their various components have been major sources of therapeutic medicine for man. A comparative study was carried out to determine the phytochemical components and antibacterial activities of the different crude extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla and Vitellaria paradoxa roots on four enteric bacteria; Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris. Continue reading “Comparative analysis of the phytochemical and antibacterial activity of the root extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla and Vitellaria paradoxa”

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Antimicrobial activity of Lycoperdon perlatum whole fruit body on common pathogenic bacteria and fungi

U.K. Akpi, C.K. Odoh, E.E. Ideh, U.S. Adobu

 

Abstract

Antimicrobial activities of extracts of fruit bodies of Lycoperdon perlatum against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata were investigated. Antimicrobial components from the mushrooms were extracted using ethanol, methanol and water. The antimicrobial activities were examined by agar well diffusion method. The MIC, MBC and MFC were evaluated for each extract of the mushroom. The aqueous extract of Lycoperdon perlatum inhibited the growth of all the tested pathogenic organisms except P. aeruginosa while the methanol and ethanol extracts inhibited all the tested organisms. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of varying levels of bioactive compounds. Flavonoids, saponins, protein and carbohydrate were detected in all the extracts while glycosides, alkaloids and tannins were found in some. The results obtained from this study suggest that Lycoperdon perlatum has broad-spectrum of activity against microbial isolates used.

Keywords: Lycoperdon perlatum, antimicrobial, phytochemicals, well diffusion

Antimicrobial activity of Lycoperdon perlatum whole fruit body on common pathogenic bacteria and fungi