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Bacteriological profiles of urinary tract infections in patients admitted to the nephrology-haemodialysis department of the Bogodogo University Teaching Hospital (CHU B), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

*1Ky/Ba, A., 2Tondé, I., 1Dienderé, E. A., 3Ky, A. Y., 1Tamini, J. R., 2Sanou, M., and 4Sanou, I

1Bogodogo University Teaching Hospital, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

2Charles De Gaulle Pediatric University Teaching Hospital, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

3World Vision International/Burkina Office, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

4Tengadogo University Teaching Hospital, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

*Correspondence to: absetou@yahoo.fr; Tel: +22670120520

Abstract:
Background: Urinary tract infections (UTI) constitute a major public health problem, especially in developing countries such as Burkina Faso. They are commonly encountered in hospitals, particularly in patients suffering from chronic kidney disease whose management requires special measures to avoid treatment failures which are frequent. The objective of this study is to determine the microbial profiles of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in these patients. Continue reading “Bacteriological profiles of urinary tract infections in patients admitted to the nephrology-haemodialysis department of the Bogodogo University Teaching Hospital (CHU B), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso”

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Phenotypic and genotypic detection of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial pathogens from patients with infectious keratitis in selected hospitals in Ilorin, Nigeria

*1Oladejo, O. J., 2Oladejo, J. M., 3Aina, A., 4Oladejo, P., 4Odetoyin, B., 2Oluwaloniola, V., and 2Tangkat, T.

1Department of Ophthalmology, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria

2Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria

3Deparrment of Ophthalmology, Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria

4Department of Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria *Correspondence to: olawalejob4@gmail.com

Abstract:
Background: Infectious keratitis is a major cause of global blindness. Standard management approaches typically involve the collection of corneal cultures and initiation of broad-spectrum antimicrobials. However, conventional microbiological techniques, based on direct visualization or cultures of microorganisms, are limited by poor sensitivity and the prolonged time required to produce actionable results. Molecular methods based on nucleic acid amplification technique aim to circumvent the challenges of culture for hours or days. The objectives of this study are to detect the bacteria agents of infectious keratitis in Ilorin, Nigeria, using phenotypic and molecular methods, and to determine their resistance profiles to selected antimicrobials. Continue reading “Phenotypic and genotypic detection of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial pathogens from patients with infectious keratitis in selected hospitals in Ilorin, Nigeria”

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Phenotypic and molecular identification of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli and Salmonella species isolated from apparently healthy broilers and zoo birds in Cameroon

*1Nelly, Z. Z., 2Oladele, O. A., 3,4Djim-Adjim-Ngana, K., 4Mouliom, M. M. M., 4,5Dah, I., and 6Josiane, N. M. C.

1Avian Medicine Program, Pan African University Life and Earth Sciences Institute (Including Health and Agriculture), Ibadan, Nigeria

2Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

3Centre for Research on Health and Priority Pathologies, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies, P. O. Box 13033, Yaounde, Cameroon

4Department of Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, P. O. Box 454 Ngaoundere, Cameroon

5National Veterinary Laboratory (LANAVET), P. O. Box 503 Garoua, Cameroon

6School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, The University of Ngaoundere, P. O. Box 454 Ngaoundere, Cameroon

*Correspondence to: zimbinelly93@gmail.com

Abstract:
Background: Knowledge of antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacteria in food and pet birds in our environment is a prerequisite to effective control of bacterial diseases in humans and other food animals. Particularly, there is a dearth of information on the prevalence of resistant bacteria in pet and zoo birds in Cameroon. This study was carried out to determine the antibiotic resistance profiles of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp isolates in apparently healthy poultry and zoo birds in Cameroon and to phenotypically and genotypically identify extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) isolates in the poultry and aviary birds. Continue reading “Phenotypic and molecular identification of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli and Salmonella species isolated from apparently healthy broilers and zoo birds in Cameroon”

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Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of faecal Escherichia coli isolates from local chickens in Plateau State, Nigeria

Abstract:
Background: Poultry is a profitable business in Nigeria, with economic benefits to families and communities involved in this type of agriculture. However, infection of poultry birds by Escherichia coli can, in addition to causing mortality, results in reduction of egg production, with depletion of protein (egg and meat) and subsequent reduction in market value, consumer supply, cost of veterinary care, and medicines. The objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of faecal E. coli isolates from local chickens (Gallus domesticus) in Plateau State, northcentral Nigeria. Continue reading “Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of faecal Escherichia coli isolates from local chickens in Plateau State, Nigeria”

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Knowledge, attitude and prevention practice against hospital-acquired infections among healthcare workers in National Hospital Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria

*1Ilori, O. R., 2,3Attama, U. C., 4Ilori, O. S., 5Akin-Dosumu, V. T., and 5Anegbe, N. E.

1Department of Community Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria

2National Hospital, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria

3Postgraduate School, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria

4Department of Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria

5Department of Community Medicine, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria *Correspondence to: orilori@lautech.edu.ng; 07031038682; ORCID: 0000-0002-3791-1022

 

Abstract:
Background: Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) pose serious challenges to safe and high-quality healthcare delivery. They are associated with prolonged hospital stays, disability, economic burden, and mortality, and are usually consequences of poor infection prevention and control practices. The objective of this study was to assess the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of healthcare workers on infection prevention, and the determining factors at the National Hospital Abuja, Nigeria. Continue reading “Knowledge, attitude and prevention practice against hospital-acquired infections among healthcare workers in National Hospital Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria”

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Knowledge of antibiotic resistance and habits of antibiotic use among medical students of University of Nigeria Enugu: a descriptive cross-sectional survey

1Nwafia, I., 2Nwafia, S.,2Ibeh, P, *3Ajunwa, K., 2Obaje, O.,2Ehimiyen, R.,2Nwachukwu, L., 2Promise, G., 2Eze, S., 2Igono, F.,2Okoli, N., and 2 Nwadike, S.

1Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Ituku-Ozalla Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria

2Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Ituku-Ozalla Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria

3Microbiology Research Laboratory, Alex Ekwueme Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: ajunwakelechi@gmail.com; +2348062402014 Abstract:

Background: The adverse effects of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are manifesting worldwide. A major con- tributing factor to AMR is the inappropriate use of antimicrobials in humans and animals. It is imperative to raise awareness among medical students of the current public health challenges of AMR and make them antibiotic guardians because they are the future medical doctors. This survey was designed to assess the knowledge of AMR and habits of antimicrobial use (AMU) among medical students as a means to guide them in their future practice. Continue reading “Knowledge of antibiotic resistance and habits of antibiotic use among medical students of University of Nigeria Enugu: a descriptive cross-sectional survey”

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Blood culture contamination in Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria: A five-year retrospective study

1,2Oluwole, T. O., *1,2Otaigbe, I. I., 1Okunbor, H. N., 1Osinowo, A. O., and 1,2Elikwu, C. J.

1Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
2Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Benjamin (S) Carson (Snr) College of Health and Medical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: otaigbei@babcock.edu.ng; +2348024406763

Abstract:
Background: Bloodstream infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among in-patients globally. Blood culture is the ‘gold standard’ test for the diagnosis of bloodstream infections. The value of this valuable investigation in the diagnosis of infections however may be affected when an organism of questionable evidence is isolated, which occurs mainly due to contamination during the pre-analytical phase. Blood culture contamination can lead to the administration of unnecessary antibiotics, wastage of hospital resources, and risks to patient life. Hence, this study aimed to analyse the blood culture contamination rate in a private tertiary hospital in southwest Nigeria. Continue reading “Blood culture contamination in Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria: A five-year retrospective study”

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Candida bloodstream infection among immunocompromised paediatric patients admitted to the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria

*1Anozie, C. E., 2Okesola, A., 3Makanjuola, O., 4Ayanbekun, T., 5Mohammed, A. R., and 6Fasuyi, T.

1Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, Nigeria

2Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria

3Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria

4Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria

5Department of Medical Microbiology, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria 6Department of Medical Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria

*Correspondence to: anoziechikezie@gmail.com; 08035607642

Abstract:
Background: Invasive candidiasis is a major hospital acquired fungal infection in Nigeria. Despite advances in support of critically ill patients, candidaemia is still associated with high morbidity and mortality. Data on Candida bloodstream infection among paediatric patients is limited in Nigeria and this informed this study, which was undertaken to investigate the prevalence, species distribution, antifungal susceptibility pattern for blood stream infections due to Candida species in University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Continue reading “Candida bloodstream infection among immunocompromised paediatric patients admitted to the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria”

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Draft metagenome-assembled genomes of Pseudomonas putida isolated from human gut microbiome in Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Anunobi, Oluchukwu Ogechukwu

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Bingham University, Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Correspondence to: oluchukwu.anunobi@binghamuni.edu.ng; 07034439524; ORCID: 0000-0003-2047-5313

Abstract:
The metagenome-assembled genome (MAG) sequences of Pseudomonas putida PP14A and PP20A were obtained by metagenomic sequencing from the gut microbiomes of a female and a male patient both 24 years old from the same household presenting to a health outreach laboratory with complaint of headache, and occasional diarrhoea in Mararaba, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. The phylogenetic relationship observed between the two PP MAGs with other Pseudomonas spp MAGs from human, points to the global spread of Pseudomonas putida through human activity and migration. Continue reading “Draft metagenome-assembled genomes of Pseudomonas putida isolated from human gut microbiome in Nasarawa State, Nigeria”

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Need for standardization and compliance to treatment protocols for COVID-19 within the African Region of the World Health Organization

*1Fuller, W. L., 1Mukankubito, I., 1Nikiema, J. B., 1Ali Ahmed, Y., and 2Aboderin, A. O.
1World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Congo 2Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria *Correspondence to: wfuller@who.int

Abstract:
COVID-19 pandemic changed the face of global health and brought about new issues in global health security and economy. The World Health Organization published guidelines for clinical management of COVID-19 four months after declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic. Scholarly reviews and studies from member states within WHO AFRO reveals significant deviation from the WHO published protocols on COVID-19. Assessment of national treatment protocols of 30 of 47 WHO AFRO member states showed widespread inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents for patients, which may worsen the global and concerning threat of antimicrobial resistance. There is need for adopting interventions that optimize antimicrobial use in the context of pre- and post-pandemic preparedness to ensure long-term effectiveness and sustainability for antimicrobials. Treatment guidelines are to be adopted or adapted depending on best clinical evidence available. Non-compliance with guidelines might lead to mismanagement of infectious diseases with attendant negative consequences including antimicrobial resistance and misdirection of critical resources and supplies amongst others. Continue reading “Need for standardization and compliance to treatment protocols for COVID-19 within the African Region of the World Health Organization”